Armobin Kobra, Ahmadifar Ehsan, Adineh Hossein, Samani Mahsa Naderi, Kalhor Naser, Yilmaz Sevdan, Hoseinifar Seyed Hossein, Van Doan Hien
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan, Iran.
Aquac Nutr. 2023 Feb 17;2023:1168262. doi: 10.1155/2023/1168262. eCollection 2023.
This study was done to evaluate the effect of different quercetin levels on growth performance, immune responses, antioxidant status, serum biochemical factors, and high-temperature stress responses in common carp (). A total number of 216 common carp with an average weight of 27.21 ± 53 g were divided into 12 tanks (four treatments × three replications) and fed 0 mg/kg quercetin (T0), 200 mg/kg quercetin (T1), 400 mg/kg quercetin (T2), and 600 mg/kg quercetin (T3) for 60 days. There were significant differences in growth performance, and the highest final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed intake (FI) were observed in T2 and T3 ( < 0.05). Different quercetin levels significantly increased complement pathway activity (ACH50) and lysozyme activity both before and after heat stress ( < 0.05). Catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased in fish exposed to heat stress, but fish fed with a supplemented diet with quercetin showed the lowest levels both before and after heat stress ( < 0.05). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were significantly enhanced in fish fed diets supplemented with quercetin in both phases ( < 0.05). Different quercetin levels led to a significant decrease in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) before and after the challenging test ( < 0.05). Glucose and cortisol levels were significantly higher in the control group compared to the other treatments in both phases ( < 0.05). The expression of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and lysozyme was markedly upregulated in fish fed with quercetin-supplemented diets ( < 0.05). No marked effects were observed for growth hormone (GR) and interleukin-8 (IL8) ( > 0.05). In conclusion, dietary quercetin supplementations (400-600 mg/kg quercetin) improved growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant status and increased tolerance to heat stress.
本研究旨在评估不同槲皮素水平对鲤鱼生长性能、免疫反应、抗氧化状态、血清生化因子及高温应激反应的影响。选取平均体重为27.21±53 g的216尾鲤鱼，分为12个水族箱（4种处理×3次重复），分别投喂0 mg/kg槲皮素（T0）、200 mg/kg槲皮素（T1）、400 mg/kg槲皮素（T2）和600 mg/kg槲皮素（T3），持续60天。生长性能存在显著差异，T2和T3组的终末体重（FBW）、增重（WG）、特定生长率（SGR）和采食量（FI）最高（P<0.05）。不同槲皮素水平显著提高了热应激前后的补体途径活性（ACH50）和溶菌酶活性（P<0.05）。热应激后，鲤鱼体内过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和丙二醛（MDA）显著升高，但投喂添加槲皮素饲料的鲤鱼在热应激前后这些指标的水平最低（P<0.05）。两个阶段中，投喂添加槲皮素饲料的鲤鱼超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平均显著提高（P<0.05）。不同槲皮素水平导致攻毒试验前后丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）和天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）显著降低（P<0.05）。两个阶段中，对照组的葡萄糖和皮质醇水平均显著高于其他处理组（P<0.05）。投喂添加槲皮素饲料的鲤鱼中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和溶菌酶的表达显著上调（P<0.05）。生长激素（GR）和白细胞介素-8（IL8）未观察到明显影响（P>0.05）。总之，日粮中添加槲皮素（400 - 600 mg/kg槲皮素）可改善鲤鱼的生长性能、免疫力和抗氧化状态，并提高其对热应激的耐受性。
