Petitt Aimee, Linville Noelle, York Scott, Cook Carrie L
Violence Vict. 2017 Jun 1;32(3):405-430. doi: 10.1891/0886-6708.VV-D-15-00117. Epub 2017 May 17.
This study uses survey methodology to examine correlates of fear of crime among men and women to discern the unique impact of risk perception, victimization, vicarious victimization, and fear of sexual harm on fear of crime. Recently, scholars have begun to examine fear separately by gender, which is vital given the unique experiences men and women have with fear and victimization. We examine two different types of fear of crime to determine whether the effects of these correlates differ by crime type across gender. Results suggest that fear of sexual harm and risk perception are the most important indicators of fear of crime for both genders; sexual harm fear is particularly impactful for female fear of violence. Race and ethnicity also have interesting impacts for male fear of violent crime because racial and ethnic minorities indicate more fear of violent crime than White males. The findings illustrate how imperative it is to continue to examine fear of specific types of crime as well as distinguish fear by gender.
本研究采用调查方法，考察男性和女性对犯罪恐惧的相关因素，以辨别风险认知、受害经历、替代性受害经历以及对性伤害的恐惧对犯罪恐惧的独特影响。最近，学者们开始按性别分别研究恐惧，鉴于男性和女性在恐惧及受害经历方面的独特体验，这一点至关重要。我们考察两种不同类型的犯罪恐惧，以确定这些相关因素的影响在不同性别和犯罪类型上是否存在差异。结果表明，对性伤害的恐惧和风险认知是男女犯罪恐惧的最重要指标；性伤害恐惧对女性对暴力犯罪的恐惧影响尤为显著。种族和族裔对男性对暴力犯罪的恐惧也有有趣的影响，因为少数族裔比白人男性表现出更多对暴力犯罪的恐惧。研究结果表明，继续研究对特定类型犯罪的恐惧以及按性别区分恐惧是多么必要。
