Strauss K
Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.
Med Phys. 2012 Jun;39(6Part21):3863-3864. doi: 10.1118/1.4735774.
As many as 6 - 8 million CT scans are performed annually in the United States on pediatric patients. The majority of these CT scans are not performed in pediatric hospitals that specialize in addressing the unique requirements of pediatric imaging. Instead, most of these scans occur in adult hospitals, where pediatric CT scanning is a small fraction of the total caseload. Both adult and pediatric hospitals need a simple method that allows the management of the CT radiation dose received by each patient based on the patient's physical size. This lecture suggests some simple tools and techniques that the qualified medical physicist can introduce to an individual practice in an effort to properly manage CT doses. This lecture begins by exploring the unique challenges presented by the pediatric patient in the management of their radiation dose during CT scanning. This is followed by an explanation of the basic science behind the development of the Size Specific Dose Estimate (SSDE) in CT, the strengths and weaknesses of the method, and some sample calculations. The presentation concludes by exploring the clinical application of SSDE in the day to day management of the radiation dose during CT scanning of not only small pediatric patients, but also patients who are larger than the average size adult.
在美国，每年对儿科患者进行的CT扫描多达600万至800万次。这些CT扫描大多并非在专门满足儿科成像独特需求的儿科医院进行。相反，大多数扫描是在成人医院进行的，在那里儿科CT扫描仅占总病例量的一小部分。成人医院和儿科医院都需要一种简单的方法，能够根据患者的身体尺寸来管理每位患者接受的CT辐射剂量。本讲座介绍了一些简单的工具和技术，合格的医学物理学家可将其引入个人实践，以妥善管理CT剂量。讲座首先探讨了儿科患者在CT扫描过程中辐射剂量管理方面所面临的独特挑战。接着解释了CT中尺寸特异性剂量估计（SSDE）发展背后的基础科学、该方法的优缺点以及一些示例计算。讲座最后探讨了SSDE在日常管理中的临床应用，不仅包括小体型的儿科患者，还包括体型大于成年平均水平的患者在CT扫描时的辐射剂量管理。
