Possanzini M, Buttini P, Di Palo V
Istituto sull'Inquinamento Atmosferico del C.N.R., Area della Ricerca di Roma, Italy.
Sci Total Environ. 1988 Aug 1;74:111-20. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(88)90132-5.
Atmospheric gaseous pollutants (NO2, SO2, NH3, HNO3) and related ionic species in water-soluble fine particulates and rainwater were monitored from September 1986 to January 1987 with the aim of estimating the acid deposition over a rural area near Rome. A wet-only rain collector and an annular denuder-filter pack sampling system for gases and aerosols were employed to avoid chemical artifact formation. A comparison of the wet and dry deposition rates indicates that atmospheric removal by precipitation was the dominant sink for sulfate and nitrate at the sampling site. Ion balance analysis showed that the main compounds present in aerosols were (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3, since the ammonium neutralization factor approached 100% and the acidity content was very low. The marked enrichment of H+, SO4(2-) and NO3- in precipitation compared with NH4+ could be explained by assuming either that SO2 and NO2 are oxidized in cloud droplets or that acidic sulfate and nitrate are scavenged directly in-cloud or below-cloud.
1986年9月至1987年1月期间，对水溶性细颗粒物和雨水中的大气气态污染物（二氧化氮、二氧化硫、氨、硝酸）及相关离子种类进行了监测，目的是估算罗马附近农村地区的酸沉降情况。采用了仅用于收集雨水的收集器以及用于气体和气溶胶的环形剥蚀器 - 过滤器组件采样系统，以避免化学假象的形成。干湿沉降速率的比较表明，在采样点，降水对大气的清除是硫酸盐和硝酸盐的主要汇。离子平衡分析表明，气溶胶中存在的主要化合物是硫酸铵和硝酸铵，因为铵中和因子接近100%且酸度含量非常低。与铵相比，降水中氢离子、硫酸根离子和硝酸根离子的显著富集可以通过假设二氧化硫和二氧化氮在云滴中被氧化，或者酸性硫酸盐和硝酸盐在云内或云下被直接清除来解释。
