前列腺癌的尿液生物标志物

Urinary Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer.

作者信息

Giunchi Francesca, Ciccarese Chiara, Montironi Rodolfo, Scarpelli Marina, Lopez-Beltran Antonio, Cheng Liang, Moch Holger, Massari Francesco, Fiorentino Michelangelo

机构信息

Pathology Department, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna. Italy.

Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, University of Verona, Verona. Italy.

出版信息

Curr Drug Metab. 2017 Oct 16;18(8):723-726. doi: 10.2174/1389200218666170518161140.

DOI:10.2174/1389200218666170518161140

PMID:28524004

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Urine may represent a convenient source of biomarkers for the early detection of Prostate Cancer (PCa) since it contains secreted prostatic products and exfoliated tumor cells. Furthermore, urine is easy to collect with non-invasive procedures which are repeatable.

METHOD

Several urinary biomarkers for PCa have been proposed in the past but only one (PCA3) has been approved for clinical use and even this is not widely utilized in the routine practice. Most of these, particularly the proteins, were abandoned due to lack of confirmation. DNA markers have been proposed but they are less suitable compared to other malignancies, such as bladder cancer due to the limited amount of DNA somatic alterations in PCa compared to gene fusions and pathway activations.

CONCLUSION

RNA biomarkers are still the most promising and particularly miRNA and AMACR mRNA but the main weaknesses that prevented the full clinical implementation are the absence of a validated of the cut-off levels and the identification of consistent reference standards.

摘要

背景

尿液可能是前列腺癌（PCa）早期检测生物标志物的便捷来源，因为它含有分泌的前列腺产物和脱落的肿瘤细胞。此外，尿液易于通过可重复的非侵入性程序收集。

方法

过去已经提出了几种用于PCa的尿液生物标志物，但只有一种（PCA3）已被批准用于临床，甚至在常规实践中也未得到广泛应用。其中大多数，特别是蛋白质，由于缺乏确证而被放弃。已经提出了DNA标志物，但与其他恶性肿瘤（如膀胱癌）相比，它们不太适用，因为与基因融合和通路激活相比，PCa中的DNA体细胞改变数量有限。