Lam Hoai X, Trakatelli M, Ahbib S, Richert B
Département Interhospitalier de Dermatologie, C.H.U. Saint Pierre, C.H.U. Brugmann, H.U.D.E.R.F., Service de Dermatologie, Place Van Gehuchten 4, Bruxelles, Belgium.
Rev Med Brux. 2016;37(4):212-220.
The incidence of skin cancer cases has increased significantly during the last decades. Non melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common cancer in Caucasian populations. This term refers to 2 major types of skin cancer : basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Mortality from BCC and SCC is low but there may be substantial morbidity from disfigurement as these lesions tend to be located on the skin of the head and neck. Actinic keratosis is a premalignant condition that may evolve into SCC. Fortunately, skin cancer is amenable to early detection and potential cure. General practitioners may play a very important role in the timely diagnosis and management of these tumors. They are on the front line to detect NMSC : opportune examination coupled with good observation skills allow a high detection rate of suspicious lesions. It is essential to identify the high-risk patient as well as the clinical signs of suspicious lesions. This article outlines the clinical features of common NMSC and highlights which lesions should be best referred to a dermatologist.
在过去几十年中，皮肤癌病例的发病率显著上升。非黑色素瘤皮肤癌（NMSC）是白种人群中最常见的癌症。该术语指的是两种主要类型的皮肤癌：基底细胞癌（BCC）和鳞状细胞癌（SCC）。BCC和SCC的死亡率较低，但由于这些病变往往位于头颈部皮肤，可能会因毁容而导致严重的发病率。光化性角化病是一种可能演变为SCC的癌前病变。幸运的是，皮肤癌易于早期发现并有可能治愈。全科医生在这些肿瘤的及时诊断和管理中可能发挥非常重要的作用。他们处于检测NMSC的第一线：适时的检查加上良好的观察技能可使可疑病变的检出率很高。识别高危患者以及可疑病变的临床体征至关重要。本文概述了常见NMSC的临床特征，并强调了哪些病变最好转诊给皮肤科医生。
