Van Ael Evy, Blust Ronny, Bervoets Lieven
Laboratory of Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
Laboratory of Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
Environ Pollut. 2017 Sep;228:82-91. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.028. Epub 2017 May 16.
To investigate the relationship between metal concentrations in abiotic compartments and in aquatic species, sediment, suspended matter and several aquatic species (Polychaeta, Oligochaeta, four crustacean species, three mollusc species and eight fish species) were collected during three seasons at six locations along the Scheldt estuary (the Netherlands-Belgium) and analysed on their metal content (Ag, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and the metalloid As). Sediment and biota tissue concentrations were significantly influenced by sampling location, but not by season. Measurements of Acid Volatile Sulphides (AVS) concentrations in relation to Simultaneously Extracted Metals (SEM) in the sediment suggested that not all metals in the sediment will be bound to sulphides and some metals might be bioavailable. For all metals but zinc, highest concentrations were measured in invertebrate species; Ag and Ni in periwinkle, Cr, Co and Pb in Oligochaete worms and As, Cd and Cu in crabs and shrimp. Highest concentrations of Zn were measured in the kidney of European smelt. In fish, for most of the metals, the concentrations were highest in liver or kidney and lowest in muscle. For Zn however, highest concentrations were measured in the kidney of European smelt. For less than half of the metals significant correlations between sediment metal concentrations and bioaccumulated concentrations were found (liver/hepatopancreas or whole organism). To calculate the possible human health risk by consumption, average and maximum metal concentrations in the muscle tissues were compared to the minimum risk levels (MRLs). Concentrations of As led to the highest risk potential for all consumable species. Cadmium and Cu posed only a risk when consuming the highest contaminated shrimp and shore crabs. Consuming blue mussel could result in a risk for the metals As, Cd and Cr.
为了研究非生物区室与水生物种中金属浓度之间的关系，在斯海尔德河河口（荷兰 - 比利时）沿线的六个地点，于三个季节采集了沉积物、悬浮物以及几种水生物种（多毛纲动物、寡毛纲动物、四种甲壳类物种、三种软体动物物种和八种鱼类），并分析了它们的金属含量（银、镉、钴、铬、铜、镍、铅、锌和类金属砷）。沉积物和生物群组织浓度受采样地点的显著影响，但不受季节影响。沉积物中酸挥发性硫化物（AVS）浓度与同时提取金属（SEM）的测量结果表明，沉积物中的并非所有金属都与硫化物结合，有些金属可能具有生物可利用性。除锌之外的所有金属，在无脊椎动物物种中测得的浓度最高；玉黍螺中的银和镍、寡毛纲蠕虫中的铬、钴和铅以及螃蟹和虾中的砷、镉和铜。在欧洲胡瓜鱼的肾脏中测得锌的最高浓度。在鱼类中，对于大多数金属而言，肝脏或肾脏中的浓度最高，肌肉中的浓度最低。然而，对于锌，在欧洲胡瓜鱼的肾脏中测得最高浓度。在沉积物金属浓度与生物累积浓度（肝脏/肝胰腺或整个生物体）之间，发现不到一半的金属存在显著相关性。为了通过食用计算可能的人类健康风险，将肌肉组织中的平均和最大金属浓度与最低风险水平（MRLs）进行了比较。砷的浓度对所有可食用物种导致的风险潜力最高。镉和铜仅在食用污染最严重的虾和岸蟹时才构成风险。食用蓝贻贝可能会导致砷、镉和铬等金属带来的风险。
