King Chih H, Beutler Sascha S, Kaye Alan D, Urman Richard D
Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, LSU Health Science Center, 1542 Tulane Avenue, Room 659, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Anesthesiol Clin. 2017 Jun;35(2):315-325. doi: 10.1016/j.anclin.2017.01.019. Epub 2017 Apr 14.
Therapeutic duration of traditional local anesthetics when used in peripheral nerve blocks is normally limited. This article describes novel approaches to extend the duration of peripheral nerve blocks currently available or in development. Three newer approaches on extending the duration of peripheral nerve blocks include site-1 sodium channel blockers, novel local anesthetics delivery systems, and novel adjuvants of local anesthetics. Compared with plain amide-based and ester-based local anesthetics, alternative approaches show significant promise in decreasing postoperative pain, rescue opioid requirement, hospital length-of-stay, and overall health care cost, without compromising the established safety profile of traditional local anesthetics.
传统局部麻醉药用于周围神经阻滞时，其治疗持续时间通常有限。本文描述了一些新颖的方法，以延长目前可用或正在研发的周围神经阻滞的持续时间。延长周围神经阻滞持续时间的三种较新方法包括1型钠通道阻滞剂、新型局部麻醉药递送系统和新型局部麻醉药佐剂。与普通的酰胺类和酯类局部麻醉药相比，这些替代方法在减轻术后疼痛、减少阿片类药物用量、缩短住院时间和降低总体医疗费用方面显示出巨大潜力，同时又不影响传统局部麻醉药已确立的安全性。
