Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, 2206 E Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3.
Saskatchewan Population Health and Evaluation Research Unit, University of Saskatchewan, 3333 E-Wing, Health Sciences Building, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 2Z4.
Health Place. 2017 Jul;46:155-174. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2017.04.012. Epub 2017 May 18.
This paper describes a scoping review of 42 studies of neighborhood effects on developmental health for children ages 0-6, published between 2009 and 2014. It focuses on three themes: (1) theoretical mechanisms that drive early childhood development, i.e. how neighborhoods matter for early childhood development; (2) dependence of such mechanisms on place-based characteristics i.e. where neighborhood effects occur; (3) dependence of such mechanisms on child characteristics, i.e. for whom is development most affected. Given that ecological systems theories postulate diverse mechanisms via which neighborhood characteristics affect early child development, we specifically examine evidence on mediation and/or moderation effects. We conclude by discussing future challenges, and proposing recommendations for analyses that utilize ecological longitudinal population-based databases.
这是一篇对 2009 年至 2014 年间发表的 42 项有关邻里效应对 0-6 岁儿童发展健康影响的研究进行的范围综述。它主要关注三个主题：（1）驱动儿童早期发展的理论机制，即邻里如何影响儿童早期发展；（2）这种机制对基于地点特征的依赖性，即邻里效应发生的地方；（3）这种机制对儿童特征的依赖性，即发展受影响最大的儿童。鉴于生态系统理论假设邻里特征通过多种机制影响儿童早期发展，我们特别考察了中介和/或调节效应的证据。最后，我们讨论了未来的挑战，并提出了利用生态纵向基于人口的数据库进行分析的建议。
