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躯体所有权的内感受成分:橡胶手错觉中的触觉和心脏意识。

Interoceptive ingredients of body ownership: Affective touch and cardiac awareness in the rubber hand illusion.

机构信息

School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, UK; Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, UK.

Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.

出版信息

Cortex. 2018 Jul;104:180-192. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.04.018. Epub 2017 May 1.

DOI:10.1016/j.cortex.2017.04.018
PMID:28532579
Abstract

The sense of body ownership represents a fundamental aspect of bodily self-consciousness. Using multisensory integration paradigms, recent studies have shown that both exteroceptive and interoceptive information contribute to our sense of body ownership. Interoception refers to the physiological sense of the condition of the body, including afferent signals that originate inside the body and outside the body. However, it remains unclear whether individual sensitivity to interoceptive modalities is unitary or differs between modalities. It is also unclear whether the effect of interoceptive information on body ownership is caused by exteroceptive 'visual capture' of these modalities, or by bottom-up processing of interoceptive information. This study aimed to test these questions in two separate samples. In the first experiment (N = 76), we examined the relationship between two different interoceptive modalities, namely cardiac awareness based on a heartbeat counting task, and affective touch perception based on stimulation of a specialized C tactile (CT) afferent system. This is an interoceptive modality of affective and social significance. In a second experiment (N = 63), we explored whether 'off-line' trait interoceptive sensitivity based on a heartbeat counting task would modulate the extent to which CT affective touch influences the multisensory process during the rubber hand illusion (RHI). We found that affective touch enhanced the subjective experience of body ownership during the RHI. Nevertheless, interoceptive sensitivity, as measured by a heartbeat counting task, did not modulate this effect, nor did it relate to the perception of ownership or of CT-optimal affective touch more generally. By contrast, this trait measure of interoceptive sensitivity appeared most relevant when the multisensory context of interoception was ambiguous, suggesting that the perception of interoceptive signals and their effects on body ownership may depend on individual abilities to regulate the balance of interoception and exteroception in given contexts.

摘要

身体所有权的感觉代表了身体自我意识的一个基本方面。使用多感觉整合范式,最近的研究表明,外感受和内感受信息都有助于我们的身体所有权感。内感受是指身体状况的生理感觉,包括起源于身体内部和外部的传入信号。然而,个体对内感受模态的敏感性是单一的还是在模态之间存在差异,这仍然不清楚。也不清楚内感受信息对身体所有权的影响是由这些模态的外感受“视觉捕获”引起的,还是由内感受信息的自下而上处理引起的。本研究旨在通过两个独立的样本测试这些问题。在第一个实验(N=76)中,我们研究了两种不同的内感受模态之间的关系,即基于心跳计数任务的心脏意识和基于专门的 C 触觉(CT)传入系统刺激的情感触觉感知。这是一种具有情感和社会意义的内感受模态。在第二个实验(N=63)中,我们探讨了基于心跳计数任务的“离线”特质内感受敏感性是否会调节 CT 情感触觉在橡胶手错觉(RHI)期间对多感觉过程的影响程度。我们发现,情感触觉增强了 RHI 期间身体所有权的主观体验。然而,内感受敏感性,如通过心跳计数任务测量的,并没有调节这种效果,也与所有权或 CT-最佳情感触觉的感知没有关系。相比之下,当内感受的多感觉环境不明确时,这种特质内感受敏感性的衡量标准似乎最为相关,这表明内感受信号的感知及其对身体所有权的影响可能取决于个体在特定环境中调节内感受和外感受平衡的能力。

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