International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC) , Complex F, Reservation Road , Muscle Shoals , Alabama 35662 , United States.
J Agric Food Chem. 2018 Jul 5;66(26):6462-6473. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02150. Epub 2017 Jun 2.
Mineral fertilizers are key to food production, despite plant low nutrient uptake efficiencies and high losses. However, nanotechnology can both enhance crop productivity and reduce nutrient losses. This has raised interest in nanoscale and nanoenabled bulk fertilizers, hence the concept of nanofertilizers. Nevertheless, large-scale industrial production of nanofertilizers is yet to be realized. Here, we highlight the science-based evidence and outstanding concerns for motivating fertilizer industry production of nanofertilizers, including the notion of toxicity associated with nanoscale materials; scant nanofertilizer research with key crop nutrients; inadequacy of soil- or field-based studies with nanofertilizers; type of nanomaterials to produce as fertilizers; how to efficiently and effectively apply nanofertilizers at the field scale; and the economics of nanofertilizers. It is anticipated that the development and validation of nanofertilizers that are nondisruptive to existing bulk fertilizer production systems will motivate the industry's involvement in nanofertilizers.
矿物肥料是粮食生产的关键，尽管植物对养分的吸收效率低，损失率高。然而，纳米技术既能提高作物产量，又能减少养分损失。这引起了人们对纳米规模和纳米增强型散装肥料的兴趣，因此出现了纳米肥料的概念。然而，纳米肥料的大规模工业化生产尚未实现。在这里，我们强调了基于科学的证据和突出的关注点，以推动肥料行业生产纳米肥料，包括与纳米材料相关的毒性概念；关键作物养分的纳米肥料研究很少；缺乏纳米肥料的土壤或田间研究；作为肥料生产的纳米材料类型；如何在田间尺度上高效、有效地应用纳米肥料；以及纳米肥料的经济性。预计开发和验证不会破坏现有散装肥料生产系统的纳米肥料将促使该行业参与纳米肥料的生产。
