新城疫病毒临床应用五十年：值得庆祝！
Fifty Years of Clinical Application of Newcastle Disease Virus: Time to Celebrate!
作者信息
Schirrmacher Volker
机构信息
Immunological and Oncological Center (IOZK), Tumor Immunology, 50674 Cologne, Germany.
出版信息
Biomedicines. 2016 Jul 20;4(3):16. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines4030016.
Abstract
This review provides an overview of 50 years of basic and clinical research on an oncolytic avian virus, Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), which has particular anti-neoplastic and immune stimulatory properties. Of special interest is the fact that this biological agent induces immunogenic cell death and systemic anti-tumor immunity. Furthermore, localized oncolytic virotherapy with NDV was shown to overcome systemic tumor resistance to immune checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. Clinical experience attests to low side effects and a high safety profile. This is due among others to the strong virus-induced type I interferon response. Other viral characteristics are lack of interaction with host cell DNA, lack of genetic recombination and independence of virus replication from cell proliferation. In this millennium, new recombinant strains of viruses are being produced with improved therapeutic properties. Clinical applications include single case observations, case series studies and Phase I to III studies.
摘要
本综述概述了50年来对一种溶瘤禽病毒——新城疫病毒（NDV）的基础和临床研究，该病毒具有特殊的抗肿瘤和免疫刺激特性。特别值得关注的是，这种生物制剂可诱导免疫原性细胞死亡和全身性抗肿瘤免疫。此外，用NDV进行的局部溶瘤病毒疗法已被证明可克服全身肿瘤对免疫检查点阻断免疫疗法的抗性。临床经验证明其副作用低且安全性高。这尤其归因于强烈的病毒诱导的I型干扰素反应。病毒的其他特性包括不与宿主细胞DNA相互作用、缺乏基因重组以及病毒复制不依赖于细胞增殖。在这个千年里，正在生产具有改进治疗特性的新型重组病毒株。临床应用包括单病例观察、病例系列研究以及I期至III期研究。
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