Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Jun;129(6):1. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000002111.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with anogenital cancer (including cervical, vaginal, vulvar, penile, and anal), oropharyngeal cancer, and genital warts. The HPV vaccination significantly reduces the incidence of anogenital cancer and genital warts. Despite the benefits of HPV vaccines, only 41.9% of girls in the recommended age group, and only 28.1% of males in the recommended age group have received all recom-mended doses. Compared with many other countries, HPV vaccination rates in the United States are unacceptably low. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved three vaccines that are effective at preventing HPV infection. These vaccines cover 2, 4, or 9 HPV serotypes, respectively. Safety data for all three HPV vaccines are reassuring. The HPV vaccines are recommended for girls and boys aged 11-12 years and can be given to females and males up to age 26 years. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommend routine HPV vaccination for girls and boys at the target age of 11-12 years (but it may be given from the age of 9 years) as part of the adolescent immunization platform in order to help reduce the incidence of anogenital cancer and genital warts associated with HPV infection. Obstetrician-gynecologists and other health care providers should stress to parents and patients the benefits and safety of HPV vaccination and offer HPV vaccines in their offices.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）与肛门生殖器癌（包括宫颈癌、阴道癌、外阴癌、阴茎癌和肛门癌）、口咽癌和生殖器疣有关。HPV 疫苗接种显著降低了肛门生殖器癌和生殖器疣的发病率。尽管 HPV 疫苗有诸多益处，但在推荐年龄组中，仅有 41.9%的女孩和仅 28.1%的男孩接种了全部推荐剂量。与许多其他国家相比，美国 HPV 疫苗接种率低得令人无法接受。美国食品和药物管理局已批准三种可有效预防 HPV 感染的疫苗。这些疫苗分别覆盖 2、4 或 9 种 HPV 血清型。所有三种 HPV 疫苗的安全性数据均令人安心。HPV 疫苗推荐用于 11-12 岁的女孩和男孩接种，也可以为 9 岁及以上的女性和男性接种。免疫实践咨询委员会和美国妇产科医师学会建议将 HPV 疫苗接种作为青少年免疫接种平台的一部分，在 11-12 岁的目标年龄为女孩和男孩常规接种（但也可以从 9 岁开始接种），以帮助降低与 HPV 感染相关的肛门生殖器癌和生殖器疣的发病率。妇产科医生和其他医疗保健提供者应向家长和患者强调 HPV 疫苗接种的益处和安全性，并在其办公室提供 HPV 疫苗。
