Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Granada (UGR), Granada, Spain.
Nursing Unit, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves of Granada, Granada, Spain.
J Clin Nurs. 2018 Jan;27(1-2):e177-e185. doi: 10.1111/jocn.13900. Epub 2017 Aug 31.
To investigate what factors influence caregiver strain in informal caregivers just before inpatients are discharged.
Previous research has investigated the risk factors related to the burden on caregivers in different clinical contexts. However, the findings from studies analysing these factors just before inpatients are discharged are uncertain.
A cross-sectional study design.
The study involved 100 inpatients and 100 informal caregivers from seven different hospital units. Sociodemographic, clinical, functional and cognitive factors of inpatients-caregivers, and caregiver strains were recorded. Descriptive, bivariate correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed.
Caregivers of inpatients at risk of ulcers had significantly higher scores of strain. Dependency in activities of daily living scores and cognitive status scores were statistically inversely proportional to caregiver strain. Almost 27% of total variance of caregiver strain was due to dependency in activities of daily living.
Caregiver strain was mainly associated with those situations in which the hospitalised patients presented the risk of ulcers, dependency and cognitive disorders, with dependency in activities of daily living being the factor that most influenced informal caregiver strain.
Dependency in activities of daily living, among other risk factors, should be evaluated at an early stage, monitored and controlled by hospital nursing staff. These strategies could protect and promote the well-being and quality of life of informal caregivers during patient hospitalisation and after discharge.
调查在患者即将出院前，哪些因素会影响非正式照护者的照护负担。
先前的研究已经调查了与不同临床环境下照护者负担相关的风险因素。然而，分析这些因素的研究结果尚不确定。
一项横断面研究设计。
本研究纳入了来自七个不同病房的 100 名住院患者和 100 名非正式照护者。记录了患者和照护者的社会人口学、临床、功能和认知因素，以及照护者负担。进行了描述性、双变量相关性和多元回归分析。
有发生溃疡风险的住院患者的照护者，其照护负担的评分显著更高。日常生活活动能力依赖评分和认知状态评分与照护者负担呈统计学上的反比关系。照护者负担的总方差中，近 27%归因于日常生活活动能力的依赖。
照护者负担主要与住院患者存在发生溃疡、依赖和认知障碍的情况有关，日常生活活动能力的依赖是影响非正式照护者负担的最重要因素。
除其他风险因素外，日常生活活动能力的依赖应在早期由医院护理人员进行评估、监测和控制。这些策略可以保护和提高非正式照护者在患者住院期间和出院后的幸福感和生活质量。
