Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA.
Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology, National Institute for Astrophysics, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Science. 2017 May 26;356(6340):821-825. doi: 10.1126/science.aal2108.
On 27 August 2016, the Juno spacecraft acquired science observations of Jupiter, passing less than 5000 kilometers above the equatorial cloud tops. Images of Jupiter's poles show a chaotic scene, unlike Saturn's poles. Microwave sounding reveals weather features at pressures deeper than 100 bars, dominated by an ammonia-rich, narrow low-latitude plume resembling a deeper, wider version of Earth's Hadley cell. Near-infrared mapping reveals the relative humidity within prominent downwelling regions. Juno's measured gravity field differs substantially from the last available estimate and is one order of magnitude more precise. This has implications for the distribution of heavy elements in the interior, including the existence and mass of Jupiter's core. The observed magnetic field exhibits smaller spatial variations than expected, indicative of a rich harmonic content.
2016 年 8 月 27 日，朱诺号太空船对木星进行了科学观测，其在距离木星赤道云层顶部不到 5000 公里的地方掠过。木星两极的图像显示出一种混乱的景象，与土星的两极不同。微波探测揭示了压力超过 100 巴深处的天气特征，主要是富含氨的狭窄低纬羽流，类似于地球哈德利环流更深、更宽的版本。近红外测绘揭示了显著下沉区域内的相对湿度。朱诺号测量的重力场与上一个可用的估计值有很大的不同，其精度提高了一个数量级。这对内部重元素的分布有影响，包括木星核心的存在和质量。观测到的磁场显示出比预期更小的空间变化，表明存在丰富的谐波内容。
