Liu Yianzhu, Kloc Malgorzata, Li Xian C
Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Texas Medical Center, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
Curr Transplant Rep. 2016 Dec;3(4):303-312. doi: 10.1007/s40472-016-0130-9. Epub 2016 Oct 25.
Organ transplants give a second chance of life to patients with end-stage organ failure. However, the immuno-logical barriers prove to be very challenging to overcome and graft rejection remains a major hurdle to long-term transplant survival. For decades, adaptive immunity has been the focus of studies, primarily based on the belief that T cells are necessary and sufficient for rejection. With better-developed immunosuppressive drugs and protocols that effectively control adaptive cells, innate immune cells have emerged as key effector cells in triggering graft injury and have therefore attracted much recent attention. In this review, we discuss current understanding of macrophages and their role in transplant rejection, their dynamics, distinct phenotypes, locations, and functions. We also discuss novel therapeutic approaches under development to target macrophages in transplant recipients.
器官移植为终末期器官衰竭患者带来了第二次生命机会。然而，免疫屏障被证明极难克服，移植排斥仍然是长期移植存活的主要障碍。几十年来，适应性免疫一直是研究的重点，主要基于T细胞对排斥反应既必要又充分的观点。随着能有效控制适应性细胞的免疫抑制药物和方案的发展，固有免疫细胞已成为引发移植物损伤的关键效应细胞，因此最近备受关注。在本综述中，我们讨论了目前对巨噬细胞及其在移植排斥中的作用、动态变化、不同表型、位置和功能的理解。我们还讨论了正在开发的针对移植受者巨噬细胞的新型治疗方法。
