Searles Peter S, Flint Stephan D, Caldwell Martyn M
The Ecology Center and Department of Rangeland Resources, Utah State University, 5230 Old Main Hill, 84322-5230, Logan, UT, USA.
Oecologia. 2001 Mar;127(1):1-10. doi: 10.1007/s004420000592. Epub 2001 Mar 1.
The potential effects of increased ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B, 280-320 nm) simulating stratospheric ozone depletion in field studies with vascular plants have previously been summarized only in narrative literature reviews. In this quantitative synthesis, we have assessed the significance of solar UV-B enhancement for ten commonly measured variables involving leaf pigmentation, plant growth and morphology, and photosynthesis using meta-analytic statistical methods. Of 103 papers published between 1976 and mid-1999 from field studies, more than 450 reports from 62 papers were included in the database. Effects of UV-B were most apparent for the case of UV-B-absorbing compounds with an average increase of approximately 10% across all studies when comparing the ambient solar UV-B control to the treatment (involving ambient UV-B plus a UV-B supplement from special UV lamps). Some morphological parameters such as plant height and leaf mass per area showed little or no response to enhanced UV-B. Leaf photosynthetic processes (leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence) and the concentration of photosynthetic pigments (total chlorophylls and carotenoids) were also not affected. Shoot biomass and leaf area showed modest decreases under UV-B enhancement. The reduction in shoot biomass occurred only under very high levels of simulated ozone depletion and leaf area was affected only when studies inappropriately used the plant (i.e., the subreplicate) rather than the plot as the experimental replicate. To the best of our knowledge, this review provides the first quantitative estimates of UV-B effects in field-based studies using all suitable published studies as a database.
在以往的文献综述中，仅对模拟平流层臭氧损耗增加紫外线B辐射（UV-B，280-320纳米）对维管植物进行实地研究的潜在影响进行了叙述性总结。在这项定量综合分析中，我们使用荟萃分析统计方法，评估了太阳UV-B增强对涉及叶片色素沉着、植物生长和形态以及光合作用的10个常用测量变量的重要性。在1976年至1999年年中发表的103篇实地研究论文中，数据库纳入了62篇论文中的450多篇报告。UV-B对吸收UV-B的化合物的影响最为明显，在所有研究中，将环境太阳UV-B对照与处理（包括环境UV-B加上特殊紫外线灯的UV-B补充）进行比较时，平均增加约10%。一些形态参数，如株高和单位面积叶质量，对增强的UV-B几乎没有反应。叶片光合过程（叶片气体交换和叶绿素荧光）以及光合色素（总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素）的浓度也未受影响。在UV-B增强条件下，地上生物量和叶面积略有下降。地上生物量的减少仅在模拟臭氧损耗非常高的水平下发生，而叶面积仅在研究不恰当地将植物（即子重复）而非样地作为实验重复时受到影响。据我们所知，本综述首次使用所有合适的已发表研究作为数据库，对实地研究中UV-B的影响进行了定量估计。
