Stamp N
Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, State University of New York, 13902-6000, Binghamton, NY, USA.
Oecologia. 2001 Jul;128(2):153-163. doi: 10.1007/s004420100679. Epub 2001 Jul 1.
It has been argued that generalist natural enemies of insect herbivores provide a major selection pressure for restricted host plant range. This idea is a subset of the enemy-free space (EFS) hypothesis, whereby insect herbivores escape their enemies by being scarce in space and time and/or chemically defended via containing plant allelochemicals. To date, there are only two complete tests of EFS via host plant chemistry and two via host plant dispersion, and only two of these tests support the EFS hypothesis. However, three corollaries to existing views on EFS are sufficiently supported by data to warrant direct testing of the view that EFS is obtained via host plant chemistry's effects on enemies of insect herbivores. So the issue remains. Resolution will require a more collaborative, methodological approach to examine the relative importance of the major multiple factors that shape patterns of feeding specialization of insect herbivores. Predation is certainly one of these factors, but its role is still not clear.
有人认为，食草昆虫的广食性天敌是限制寄主植物范围的主要选择压力。这一观点是无敌空间（EFS）假说的一个子集，即食草昆虫通过在空间和时间上稀少和/或通过含有植物化感物质进行化学防御来躲避它们的天敌。迄今为止，通过寄主植物化学进行的EFS完整测试只有两项，通过寄主植物扩散进行的测试也只有两项，而且这些测试中只有两项支持EFS假说。然而，现有EFS观点的三个推论有足够的数据支持，足以直接检验EFS是通过寄主植物化学对食草昆虫天敌的影响而获得的这一观点。所以问题依然存在。要解决这个问题，需要一种更具协作性的方法来研究影响食草昆虫取食特化模式的多个主要因素的相对重要性。捕食肯定是其中一个因素，但其作用仍不明确。
