Cui Na, Yang Peng-Cheng, Guo Kun, Kang Le, Cui Feng
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects & Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Insect Sci. 2017 Jun;24(3):431-442. doi: 10.1111/1744-7917.12336. Epub 2016 May 25.
Host alternation, an obligatory seasonal shifting between host plants of distant genetic relationship, has had significant consequences for the diversification and success of the superfamily of aphids. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the molecular mechanism of host alternation was explored through a large-scale gene expression analysis of the mealy aphid Hyalopterus persikonus on winter and summer host plants. More than four times as many unigenes of the mealy aphid were significantly upregulated on summer host Phragmites australis than on winter host Rosaceae plants. In order to identify gene candidates related to host alternation, the differentially expressed unigenes of H. persikonus were compared to salivary gland expressed genes and secretome of Acyrthosiphon pisum. Genes involved in ribosome and oxidative phosphorylation and with molecular functions of heme-copper terminal oxidase activity, hydrolase activity and ribosome binding were potentially upregulated in salivary glands of H. persikonus on the summer host. Putative secretory proteins, such as detoxification enzymes (carboxylesterases and cytochrome P450s), antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase and superoxide dismutase), glutathione peroxidase, glucose dehydrogenase, angiotensin-converting enzyme, cadherin, and calreticulin, were highly expressed in H. persikonus on the summer host, while a SCP GAPR-1-like family protein and a salivary sheath protein were highly expressed in the aphids on winter hosts. These results shed light on phenotypic plasticity in host utilization and seasonal adaptation of aphids.
寄主转换是指在遗传关系较远的寄主植物之间进行的季节性交替，这对蚜虫总科的多样化和成功产生了重大影响。然而，其潜在的分子机制仍不清楚。在本研究中，通过对桃粉大尾蚜在冬季和夏季寄主植物上进行大规模基因表达分析，探索了寄主转换的分子机制。桃粉大尾蚜在夏季寄主芦苇上显著上调的单基因数量是在冬季寄主蔷薇科植物上的四倍多。为了鉴定与寄主转换相关的候选基因，将桃粉大尾蚜差异表达的单基因与豌豆蚜唾液腺表达基因和分泌组进行了比较。参与核糖体和氧化磷酸化、具有血红素铜末端氧化酶活性、水解酶活性和核糖体结合分子功能的基因在桃粉大尾蚜夏季寄主的唾液腺中可能上调。推定的分泌蛋白，如解毒酶（羧酸酯酶和细胞色素P450）、抗氧化酶（过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、葡萄糖脱氢酶、血管紧张素转换酶、钙黏蛋白和钙网蛋白，在桃粉大尾蚜夏季寄主上高表达，而一种类SCP GAPR-1家族蛋白和一种唾液鞘蛋白在冬季寄主上的蚜虫中高表达。这些结果揭示了蚜虫在寄主利用和季节性适应方面的表型可塑性。
