Rosique Javier, Rebato Esther, Apraiz Arantza Gonzalez, Pacheco Jose Luis
Laboratorio de Antropologia Fisica, Dpto, de Biologia Animal y Genetica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Pais Vasco, Apartado 644, 48080 Bilbao.
Dpto. de Enfermeria, Escuela Universitaria de Enfermeria, Fisioterapia y Podologia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Am J Hum Biol. 1994;6(2):171-181. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.1310060205.
The association between fat distribution and Heath-Carter anthropometric somatotypes was studied in a sample of Basque children and youth aged 8-19 years. About mid-adolescence, mean somatotype of Basque males changed, diminishing in endomorphy and mesomorphy, and increasing slightly in ectomorphy. For the same period, reduced mesomorphy was the most striking change in the female mean somatotype; meanwhile, there was an increase in endomorphy and a decrease in ectomorphy. Two groups of fat distribution were identified: centripetal and peripheral. Centripetal fat increased with age in both sexes. Fat distribution groups showed the following characteristics: a) mean somatotypes of centripetal and peripheral subjects were significantly different; b) centripetal boys and girls were extreme endomorphs prior to adolescent somatotype change; c) centripetal girls showed high ratings of endomorphy after adolescence; d) mesomorphy was related to a centripetal fat distribution pattern in both sexes; e) using the BMI as a criterion of obesity, only 16.3% of centripetal males and 21.8% of centripetal females were classified as obese; f) obesity was absent among subjects with a peripheral pattern, except for one male showing an endomorphic-mesomorph somatotype; h) the obese showed extreme somatotypes with high endomorphy and mesomorphy, and minimal ectomorphy. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
在一个8至19岁的巴斯克儿童和青少年样本中，研究了脂肪分布与希思-卡特人体测量体型之间的关联。在青春期中期左右，巴斯克男性的平均体型发生了变化，内胚层体型和中胚层体型减少，外胚层体型略有增加。在同一时期，中胚层体型减少是女性平均体型最显著的变化；与此同时，内胚层体型增加，外胚层体型减少。确定了两组脂肪分布类型：向心性和外周性。向心性脂肪在男女两性中均随年龄增加。脂肪分布组具有以下特征：a）向心性和外周性受试者的平均体型有显著差异；b）在青春期体型变化之前，向心性男孩和女孩是极端的内胚层体型；c）青春期后，向心性女孩的内胚层体型评分较高；d）中胚层体型与男女两性的向心性脂肪分布模式有关；e）以BMI作为肥胖标准，只有16.3%的向心性男性和21.8%的向心性女性被归类为肥胖；f）外周性模式的受试者中没有肥胖者，除了一名显示内胚层-中胚层体型的男性；h）肥胖者表现出极端的体型，内胚层体型和中胚层体型高，外胚层体型最小。©1994威利-利斯公司。
