The role of cAMP on cell-to-cell diffusion of Lucifer Yellow was investigated. It was found that dB-cAMP or isoproterenol increases the junctional permeability appreciably in dog's atrium muscle. 2. This effect which occurs within 85 min seems to be related to an increase in unit channel permeability. Chronic treatment of animals with ephedrine enhances the junctional permeability in vivo. 3. The results support the view that cAMP plays a short-term and long-term regulatory role on junctional permeability.