Neves Fábio de Oliveira, Salgado Eduardo G, Beijo Luiz A
Federal University of Alfenas, Brazil.
Federal University of Alfenas, Brazil.
J Environ Manage. 2017 Sep 1;199:251-262. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.05.049. Epub 2017 May 24.
The American continent is in broad economic and industrial development. Consequently, a more detailed discussion of the impacts generated by such development is needed. Moreover, there is an increase in the number of ISO 14001 certificates issued to this continent. Given the above, no studies were found that bridge the gap to identify the influence of different factors on ISO 14001 in the Americas. Thus, this article has as its main aim to check which economic, environmental and cultural factors have influence on ISO 14001 Certification in the American Continent. The data were collected in the ISO Survey, World Bank, United Nations Development Programme and International Energy Agency. Among the countries of that continent, thirteen were analyzed and only two did not show the economic factors as the influence factor in the multiple regression models fitted with Brazil and the United State. In these models, all presented environmental factors as influencing factors. Only in Brazil the index HDI presented as cultural factor in multiple regression model fitted. The economic factors: Gross Domestic Product and exports of goods and services and environmental: Carbon Dioxide (CO) and fossil fuel consumption were the most influential in ISO 14001 certification. Venezuela, Uruguay, Colombia and the United States were countries that had factors dependent on each other, featuring the environmental marketing. Briefly, this study brings up several implications: to the academy, with the proposal of new concepts and guidance on the factors that assist in ISO 14001 certification in the American Continent. Additionally, taking into account the industry, the factors serve as efficiency parameters for the implementation of ISO 14001 standard, and for the Government to improve through factors that do not fit in multiple regression models.
美洲大陆正处于广泛的经济和工业发展之中。因此，需要对这种发展所产生的影响进行更详细的讨论。此外，颁发给该大陆的ISO 14001证书数量有所增加。鉴于上述情况，未发现有研究能够填补空白，以确定不同因素对美洲地区ISO 14001的影响。因此，本文的主要目的是考察哪些经济、环境和文化因素对美洲大陆的ISO 14001认证有影响。数据收集自ISO调查、世界银行、联合国开发计划署和国际能源署。在该大陆的国家中，分析了13个国家，在与巴西和美国拟合的多元回归模型中，只有两个国家未将经济因素显示为影响因素。在这些模型中，所有模型都将环境因素作为影响因素。只有在巴西，人类发展指数（HDI）在拟合的多元回归模型中呈现为文化因素。经济因素：国内生产总值以及商品和服务出口，以及环境因素：二氧化碳（CO）和化石燃料消耗，对ISO 14001认证影响最大。委内瑞拉、乌拉圭、哥伦比亚和美国是存在相互依存因素的国家，具有环境营销的特点。简而言之，本研究提出了几点启示：对学术界而言，提出了关于有助于美洲大陆ISO 14001认证的因素的新概念和指导意见。此外，考虑到行业，这些因素可作为实施ISO 14001标准的效率参数，对政府而言，可通过不符合多元回归模型的因素进行改进。
