德里原发性甲状腺功能减退症患者的知识、认知、治疗实践及治疗依从性
Knowledge, Awareness, Practices and Adherence to Treatment of Patients with Primary Hypothyroidism in Delhi.
作者信息
Kumar Pradeep, Khandelwal Deepak, Mittal Suresh, Dutta Deep, Kalra Sanjay, Katiyar Pratima, Aggarwal Vivek
机构信息
Department of Medicine, Maharaja Agrasen Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Department of Endocrinology, Maharaja Agrasen Hospital, New Delhi, India.
出版信息
Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2017 May-Jun;21(3):429-433. doi: 10.4103/ijem.IJEM_49_17.
BACKGROUND
There is a paucity of data on knowledge, awareness, and practices (KAP) of patients with hypothyroidism in India.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
To study the KAP and adherence to treatment of participants with primary hypothyroidism.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in Endocrinology Outpatient Department of Maharaja Agrasen Hospital, Punjabi Bagh, New Delhi. Two-fifty consecutive primary hypothyroidism participants, aged ≥18 years, who were on treatment for at least 3 months responded to a structured questionnaire, to assess their KAP about the disease and adherence to treatment.
RESULTS
A total of 250 patients completed the questionnaire. The mean age of the participants was 43.24 ± 10.80 years; with majority being females (85.6%). The median duration of hypothyroidism was 8 years (range: 3-10). Most were well educated, with 53.6% being graduates/postgraduates. Knowledge and awareness related to hypothyroidism was poor in majority of participants. Only 35.2% and 51.2% knew correct meaning of the terms "thyroid" and "hypothyroidism" respectively. Only 25.6% participants knew correctly that thyroxine (T4) is used to replace and normalize blood levels of thyroid hormone. Forty percent had false dietary beliefs in the context of hypothyroidism. Ten percent participants felt T4 can be stopped once laboratory reports return to normal. Only 36.4% participants knew correctly that T4 need to be continued during pregnancy. Many participants (30.4%) believed hypothyroidism can lead to weight gain in excess of 10 kg. Regarding adherence, 90.4% participants were adherent to T4, 2.4% were moderately adherent, and remaining 7.2% participants were nonadherent to T4.
CONCLUSION
A large number of patients with primary hypothyroidism lack basic knowledge about disease and have dietary and treatment-related prejudices and poor treatment adherence. Public health measures are required to improve KAP in patients with primary hypothyroidism.
背景
关于印度甲状腺功能减退症患者的知识、认知和行为（KAP）的数据匮乏。
目的
研究原发性甲状腺功能减退症参与者的KAP及治疗依从性。
材料与方法
在新德里旁遮普巴格市马哈拉贾·阿格拉森医院内分泌科门诊进行了一项观察性横断面研究。连续纳入250名年龄≥18岁、接受治疗至少3个月的原发性甲状腺功能减退症参与者，他们对一份结构化问卷做出回应，以评估其对该疾病的KAP及治疗依从性。
结果
共有250名患者完成了问卷。参与者的平均年龄为43.24±10.80岁；大多数为女性（85.6%）。甲状腺功能减退症的中位病程为8年（范围：3 - 10年）。大多数人受教育程度良好，53.6%为毕业生/研究生。大多数参与者对甲状腺功能减退症的知识和认知较差。分别只有35.2%和51.2%的人知道“甲状腺”和“甲状腺功能减退症”这两个术语的正确含义。只有25.6%的参与者正确知道甲状腺素（T4）用于替代并使甲状腺激素血液水平正常化。40%的人在甲状腺功能减退症方面有错误的饮食观念。10%的参与者认为一旦实验室报告恢复正常，T4就可以停用。只有36.4%的参与者正确知道孕期需要继续服用T4。许多参与者（30.4%）认为甲状腺功能减退症会导致体重增加超过10千克。关于依从性，90.4%的参与者坚持服用T4，2.4%为中度依从，其余7.2%的参与者不坚持服用T4。
结论
大量原发性甲状腺功能减退症患者缺乏疾病基础知识，存在饮食和治疗相关偏见，治疗依从性差。需要采取公共卫生措施来提高原发性甲状腺功能减退症患者的KAP。
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