1984 - 2004年日常生活活动能力残疾下降方面的种族差异：来自国家长期护理调查的证据。
Race Differences in ADL Disability Decline 1984-2004: Evidence From the National Long-Term Care Survey.
作者信息
Taylor Miles G, Lynch Scott M, Ureña Stephanie
机构信息
1 Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA.
2 Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
出版信息
J Aging Health. 2018 Feb;30(2):167-189. doi: 10.1177/0898264316673178. Epub 2016 Nov 9.
OBJECTIVE
Disability declined in lower levels of impairment during the late 20th century. However, it is unclear whether ADL disability also declined, or whether it did so across race. In this study, we examine cohorts entering later life between 1984 and 1999, by race, to understand changing ADL disability.
METHOD
We used latent class methods to model trajectories of ADL disability and subsequent mortality in the National Long-Term Care Survey among cohorts entering older adulthood (ages 65-69) between 1984 and 1999. We examined patterns by race, focusing on chronic condition profiles.
RESULTS
White cohorts experienced consistent declines in ADL disability but Blacks saw little improvement with some evidence for increased disability. Stroke, diabetes, and heart attack were predominant in predicting disability among Blacks.
DISCUSSION
Declining disability trends were only observed consistently among Whites, suggesting previous and future disability trends and their underlying causes should be examined by race.
目的
20世纪后期，较低损伤水平的残疾率有所下降。然而，日常生活活动（ADL）残疾率是否也下降了，以及不同种族间是否如此，尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们按种族对1984年至1999年间步入晚年的队列进行研究，以了解ADL残疾的变化情况。
方法
我们使用潜在类别方法对1984年至1999年间进入老年期（65 - 69岁）的队列在国家长期护理调查中的ADL残疾轨迹及随后的死亡率进行建模。我们按种族研究模式，重点关注慢性病概况。
结果
白人队列的ADL残疾率持续下降，但黑人几乎没有改善，有证据表明残疾率有所上升。中风、糖尿病和心脏病发作是预测黑人残疾的主要因素。
讨论
仅在白人中持续观察到残疾率下降趋势，这表明应按种族研究以往和未来的残疾趋势及其潜在原因。
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