Department of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland; Department of Rheumatic Diseases, Galway University Hospitals, Ireland.
Department of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Bone. 2017 Nov;104:44-53. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.05.021. Epub 2017 May 26.
Monitoring a patient's bone mineral density (BMD) is one of the main reasons for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) referral. It is widely recommended by clinical guidelines, and the accepted standard in practice for managing patients with osteoporosis and other disorders. Clinicians and DXA providers must be familiar with the scientific rationale and procedures involved in measurement science to obtain accurate and reproducible results. Their importance is critical to maximise the value of scan acquisition and interpretation. Scanning individual patients, with different needs and disorders, requires excellence in training, experience, and is more complex than just simply 'measuring BMD'. Over the past 3 decades many studies have validated the importance of monitoring BMD for fracture risk assessment, and for patients on osteoporosis treatment. New DXA features enhance the value of DXA monitoring today. Quality BMD measurement remains an essential component of patient care in osteoporosis and other disorders, playing a critical role in informed decision making for clinicians assessing and managing their patients. In this article we describe some of the technical aspects of measurement and discuss the utility of DXA for monitoring patients in clinical practice.
监测患者的骨密度（BMD）是双能 X 射线吸收法（DXA）转诊的主要原因之一。它被临床指南广泛推荐，也是骨质疏松症和其他疾病患者管理的公认标准。临床医生和 DXA 提供者必须熟悉测量科学中的科学原理和程序，以获得准确和可重复的结果。他们的重要性对于最大限度地提高扫描采集和解释的价值至关重要。对具有不同需求和疾病的个体患者进行扫描需要卓越的培训、经验，并且比简单地“测量 BMD”更复杂。在过去的 30 年中，许多研究已经验证了监测 BMD 对骨折风险评估以及骨质疏松症治疗患者的重要性。新的 DXA 功能增强了 DXA 监测的价值。在骨质疏松症和其他疾病中，质量 BMD 测量仍然是患者护理的重要组成部分，对于评估和管理患者的临床医生做出明智决策起着至关重要的作用。在本文中，我们描述了一些测量的技术方面，并讨论了 DXA 在临床实践中监测患者的效用。
