Jarvis Margaret, Williams Jessica, Hurford Matthew, Lindsay Dawn, Lincoln Piper, Giles Leila, Luongo Peter, Safarian Taleen
American Society of Addiction Medicine, Rockville, MD (MJ, TS); Institute for Research, Education and Training in Addiction (JW, DL, P Lincoln, LG, P Luongo); and Community Care Behavioral Health Organization, Pittsburgh, PA (MH).
J Addict Med. 2017 May/Jun;11(3):163-173. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000000323.
: Biological drug testing is a tool that provides information about an individual's recent substance use. Like any tool, its value depends on using it correctly; that is, on selecting the right test for the right person at the right time. This document is intended to clarify appropriate clinical use of drug testing in addiction medicine and aid providers in their decisions about drug testing for the identification, diagnosis, treatment, and recovery of patients with, or at risk for, addiction. The RAND Corporation (RAND)/University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Appropriateness Method (RAM) process for combining scientific evidence with the collective judgment of experts was used to identify appropriate clinical practices and highlight areas where research is needed. Although consensus panels and expert groups have offered guidance on the use of drug testing for patients with addiction, very few addressed considerations for patients across settings and in different levels of care. This document will focus primarily on patients in addiction treatment and recovery, where drug testing is used to assess patients for a substance use disorder, monitor the effectiveness of a treatment plan, and support recovery. Inasmuch as the scope includes the recognition of addiction, which often occurs in general healthcare settings, selected special populations at risk for addiction visiting these settings are briefly included.
生物药物检测是一种提供个人近期物质使用情况信息的工具。与任何工具一样，其价值取决于正确使用它，也就是说，在正确的时间为正确的人选择正确的检测方法。本文旨在阐明药物检测在成瘾医学中的适当临床应用，并帮助医疗服务提供者在对成瘾患者或有成瘾风险的患者进行药物检测以进行识别、诊断、治疗和康复决策时提供帮助。兰德公司（RAND）/加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校（UCLA）的适当性方法（RAM）过程，即将科学证据与专家的集体判断相结合，用于确定适当的临床实践并突出需要研究的领域。尽管共识小组和专家组已就成瘾患者的药物检测使用提供了指导，但很少涉及不同环境和不同护理水平患者的考量因素。本文将主要关注成瘾治疗和康复中的患者，在这些情况下，药物检测用于评估患者是否患有物质使用障碍、监测治疗计划的有效性并支持康复。由于范围包括成瘾的识别，而成瘾通常发生在普通医疗环境中，因此简要纳入了在这些环境中就诊的选定成瘾高危特殊人群。
