Leung A K, Pai C H
J Diarrhoeal Dis Res. 1988 Sep-Dec;6(3-4):188-207.
Rotavirus gastroenteritis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. Dehydration, which is often isotonic, occurs in 40 to 80% of patients. Rehydration and maintenance of proper fluid and electrolyte balance remains the mainstay of treatment. In recent years, development of efficient diagnostic methods has led to better understanding of the morphology of the virus, the epidemiology and natural history, as well as the importance of rotavirus disease. Rapid progress in the development and improvement of rotavirus vaccines has also been made. Among the vaccine candidates currently available, both the bovine rotavirus strain RIT 4237 and the rhesus rotavirus strain MMU 18006 have undergone extensive clinical trials and both have shown promising results.
轮状病毒肠胃炎是发病和死亡的主要原因，在发展中国家尤为如此。脱水在40%至80%的患者中出现，通常为等渗性脱水。补液以及维持适当的液体和电解质平衡仍然是治疗的主要手段。近年来，高效诊断方法的发展使人们对该病毒的形态、流行病学和自然史，以及轮状病毒疾病的重要性有了更好的了解。轮状病毒疫苗的研发和改进也取得了快速进展。在目前可用的候选疫苗中，牛轮状病毒株RIT 4237和恒河猴轮状病毒株MMU 18006都已进行了广泛的临床试验，并且都显示出了有前景的结果。
