Chronic Autoimmune Meningoencephalitis and Periodic Fever Syndrome Treated with Anakinra.

We report the case of a 63-year-old male diagnosed with chronic autoimmune mediated meningoencephalitis and periodic cyclical fever syndrome. After 2 years of failed conventional treatment and recurrent hospitalizations, anakinra treatment (an interleukin-1 [IL-1] receptor antagonist) was trialed which resulted in full recovery. As evidenced by this case, anakinra can be used to treat chronic autoimmune meningitis, which can often be refractory to treatment.