Nguyen Vu Hong, Min Jung-Joon
Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA.
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, 5 Hak1 dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-746 Republic of Korea.
Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2017 Jun;51(2):118-126. doi: 10.1007/s13139-016-0415-z. Epub 2016 Jun 1.
The use of bacteria for cancer therapy, which was proposed many years ago, was not recognized as a potential therapeutic strategy until recently. Technological advances and updated knowledge have enabled the genetic engineering of bacteria for their safe and effective application in the treatment of cancer. The efficacy of radiotherapy depends mainly on tissue oxygen levels, and low oxygen concentrations in necrotic and hypoxic regions are a common cause of treatment failure. In addition, the distribution of a drug is important for the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy, and the poor vasculature in tumors impairs drug delivery, limiting the efficacy of a drug, especially in necrotic and hypoxic regions. Bacteria-mediated cancer therapy (BMCT) relies on facultative anaerobes that can survive in well or poorly oxygenated regions, and it therefore improves the therapeutic efficacy drug distribution throughout the tumor mass. Since the mid-1990s, the number of published bacterial therapy papers has increased rapidly, with a doubling time of 2.5 years in which the use of increased significantly. BMCT is being reevaluated to overcome some of the drawbacks of conventional therapies. This review focuses on -mediated cancer therapy as the most widely used type of BMCT.2.
多年前就有人提出利用细菌进行癌症治疗，但直到最近它才被视为一种潜在的治疗策略。技术进步和知识更新使得对细菌进行基因工程改造，以便其能安全有效地应用于癌症治疗成为可能。放射治疗的疗效主要取决于组织氧水平，坏死和缺氧区域的低氧浓度是治疗失败的常见原因。此外，药物分布对化疗的治疗效果很重要，肿瘤中不良的血管系统会损害药物递送，限制药物疗效，尤其是在坏死和缺氧区域。细菌介导的癌症治疗（BMCT）依赖于兼性厌氧菌，这些细菌能在氧合良好或不良的区域存活，因此它能改善药物在整个肿瘤块中的分布及治疗效果。自20世纪90年代中期以来，已发表的细菌治疗论文数量迅速增加，使用量的翻倍时间为2.5年。BMCT正在被重新评估，以克服传统疗法的一些缺点。本综述重点关注作为应用最广泛的BMCT类型的细菌介导的癌症治疗。
