Plasmid-mediated conjugative transfer of Klebsiella sp. rcs genesable to induce colanic acid capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis in Escherichia coli.

Regulation of capsular biosynthesis (rcs) genes, encoding the ability to induce the production of a colanic acid polysaccharide capsule, were transferred to Escherichia coli by conjugation with Klebsiella pneumoniae (aerogenes) of capsular serotype K36. Transfer was mediated by a 58.4-MDa conjugative plasmid of incompatibility group IncM, which carried a copy of Tn7 (specifying resistance to trimethoprim and streptomycin) together with determinants for several further resistances. This plasmid did not carry the rcs genes itself, but mediated the conjugative recA-dependent transfer of part of the Klebsiella chromosome to E. coli. Once resident in E. coli, the rcs gene(s) could not be mobilised to other strains of E. coli, and the mobilising plasmid could be cured from capsulate transconjugants without loss of the ability to produce colanic acid. All such cured transconjugants contained an insertion of Tn7 in the chromosome, suggesting that the transposon might be involved in mobilisation of the rcs genes from Klebsiella sp. to E. coli. These findings explain previous observations that the ability to manufacture capsular polysaccharide could be transferred by plasmids between Klebsiella sp. and E. coli.