比氏半叶趾虎（壁虎科）孤雌生殖的起源与进化：孤雌生殖个体间广泛的基因型多样性

THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF PARTHENOGENESIS IN HETERONOTIA BINOEI (GEKKONIDAE): EXTENSIVE GENOTYPIC DIVERSITY AMONG PARTHENOGENS.

作者信息

Moritz C, Donnellan S, Adams M, Baverstock P R

机构信息

Department of Zoology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4067, AUSTRALIA.

Evolutionary Biology Unit, South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5001, AUSTRALIA.

出版信息

Evolution. 1989 Aug;43(5):994-1003. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1989.tb02545.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1989.tb02545.x

PMID:28564148

Abstract

Variation at 18 allozyme loci was assayed among representatives of the geographically widespread, triploid parthenogenetic form of Heteronotia binoei. A minimum of 52 different genotypes were observed among 143 individuals. Virtually all localities sampled had multiple genotypes among the unisexuals. This represents unusually high genotypic diversity for a unisexual vertebrate. Heterozygosity in the triploids was higher than in diploid bisexual populations of H. binoei. Comparison with the alleles present in the diploid bisexuals confirms that the parthenogens are hybrids and indicates that most of the genotypic diversity stems from repetitive hybrid origins. However, the presence of some alleles unique to the parthenogens suggests that mutation adds to their genetic diversity. The genetic structure of this geographically widespread parthenogen suggests the hypothesis that the persistence and spread of the unisexual lineages is facilitated by genotypic diversity.

摘要

在广泛分布于地理区域的三倍体孤雌生殖形式的比氏异蜥（Heteronotia binoei）的代表样本中，对18个等位酶位点的变异情况进行了测定。在143个个体中观察到至少52种不同的基因型。几乎所有采样地点的单性个体中都存在多种基因型。这对于单性脊椎动物来说代表着异常高的基因型多样性。三倍体的杂合性高于二倍体双性的比氏异蜥种群。与二倍体双性个体中存在的等位基因进行比较证实，孤雌生殖个体是杂种，并且表明大多数基因型多样性源于重复的杂种起源。然而，一些孤雌生殖个体特有的等位基因的存在表明突变增加了它们的遗传多样性。这种广泛分布于地理区域的孤雌生殖个体的遗传结构提出了一个假说，即单性谱系的持续存在和传播是由基因型多样性促进的。