Rahman Syed Moshfiqur, Kippler Maria, Tofail Fahmida, Bölte Sven, Hamadani Jena Derakhshani, Vahter Marie
Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden.
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
Environ Health Perspect. 2017 May 26;125(5):057003. doi: 10.1289/EHP631.
Cross-sectional studies have indicated impaired neurodevelopment with elevated drinking water manganese concentrations (W-Mn), but potential susceptible exposure windows are unknown.
We prospectively evaluated the effects of W-Mn, from fetal life to school age, on children's cognitive abilities and behavior.
We assessed cognitive abilities and behavior in 1,265 ten-year-old children in rural Bangladesh using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), respectively. Manganese in drinking water used during pregnancy and by the children at 5 y and 10 y was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
The median W-Mn was 0.20 mg/L (range 0.001–6.6) during pregnancy and 0.34mg/L (<0.001–8.7) at 10 y. In multivariable-adjusted linear regression analyses, restricted to children with low arsenic (As) exposure, none of the W-Mn exposures was associated with the children’s cognitive abilities. Stratifying by gender (p for interaction in general <0.081) showed that prenatal W-Mn (3 mg/L) was positively associated with cognitive ability measures in girls but not in boys. W-Mn at all time points was associated with an increased risk of conduct problems, particularly in boys (range 24–43% per mg/L). At the same time, the prenatal W-Mn was associated with a decreased risk of emotional problems [odds ratio (OR)=0.39 (95% CI: 0.19, 0.82)] in boys. In girls, W-Mn was mainly associated with low prosocial scores [prenatal W-Mn: OR=1.48 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.88)].
Elevated prenatal W-Mn exposure was positively associated with cognitive function in girls, whereas boys appeared to be unaffected. Early life W-Mn exposure appeared to adversely affect children's behavior. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP631.
横断面研究表明，饮用水中锰浓度（W-Mn）升高会损害神经发育，但潜在的易感暴露窗口期尚不清楚。
我们前瞻性评估了从胎儿期到学龄期的W-Mn对儿童认知能力和行为的影响。
我们分别使用韦氏儿童智力量表（WISC-IV）和长处与困难问卷（SDQ），对孟加拉国农村地区1265名10岁儿童的认知能力和行为进行了评估。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测量孕期及儿童5岁和10岁时所饮用的水中的锰含量。
孕期W-Mn中位数为0.20mg/L（范围0.001 - 6.6），10岁时为0.34mg/L（<0.001 - 8.7）mg/L。在多变量调整线性回归分析中，仅限于低砷（As）暴露儿童，W-Mn暴露与儿童认知能力均无关联。按性别分层（总体交互作用p<0.081）显示，产前W-Mn（3mg/L）与女孩的认知能力测量值呈正相关，而与男孩无关。所有时间点的W-Mn均与行为问题风险增加相关，尤其是男孩（每mg/L范围为24% - 43%）。同时，产前W-Mn与男孩情绪问题风险降低相关[比值比（OR）=0.39（95%置信区间：0.19，0.82）]。在女孩中，W-Mn主要与亲社会得分低相关[产前W-Mn：OR=1.48（95%置信区间：1.06，1.88）]。
产前W-Mn暴露升高与女孩的认知功能呈正相关，而男孩似乎未受影响。生命早期W-Mn暴露似乎对儿童行为有不利影响。https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP631
