Tompkins Laurie, McRobert Scott P, Kaneshiro Kenneth Y
Hawaiian Evolutionary Biology Program, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96822.
Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19122.
Evolution. 1993 Oct;47(5):1407-1419. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1993.tb02163.x.
We are interested in elucidating the extent to which lekking Hawaiian Drosophila species have diverged from their continental counterparts, which engage in sexual behavior at communal food sources, with regard to the chemical communication systems that the flies employ. Accordingly, we have analyzed flies from three closely related Hawaiian Drosophila species in the adiastola subgroup. These species are of interest because the males engage in a unique behavior: while courting, they raise their abdomens over their heads and emit anal droplets. Analysis of the flies' behavior, the hydrocarbons in males' anal droplets, and males' cuticular hydrocarbons suggest that females' responses to males may be mediated by cuticular pheromones and/or pheromones in males' extruded droplets that enable the females to distinguish conspecific from heterospeciflc males. Conversely, perception of cuticular hydrocarbons from conspecific females enables D. adiastola males to distinguish females from a closely related species from conspecific females. On the basis of these observations, we suggest that the adiastola subgroup species are unique among drosophilids in that they utilize an anal droplet-mediated pheromone communication system, some or all components of which are species specific. However, the lekking Hawaiian Drosophila species are similar to D. melanogaster and related continental species in that the Hawaiian flies employ a cuticular pheromone communication system, some components of which are sex and species-specific.
我们感兴趣的是，在果蝇所采用的化学通讯系统方面，进行求偶场交配的夏威夷果蝇物种与其在公共食物源进行性行为的大陆同类物种相比，已经在多大程度上产生了分化。因此，我们分析了来自adiastola亚组的三种亲缘关系密切的夏威夷果蝇物种。这些物种之所以令人感兴趣，是因为雄性果蝇会表现出一种独特的行为：在求偶时，它们会将腹部举过头顶并排出肛门液滴。对果蝇行为、雄性肛门液滴中的碳氢化合物以及雄性体表碳氢化合物的分析表明，雌性对雄性的反应可能由体表信息素和/或雄性排出液滴中的信息素介导，这些信息素使雌性能够区分同种雄性和异种雄性。相反，感知同种雌性的体表碳氢化合物能使adiastola果蝇的雄性将同种雌性与亲缘关系密切的物种的雌性区分开来。基于这些观察结果，我们认为adiastola亚组物种在果蝇类中是独特的，因为它们利用了一种由肛门液滴介导的信息素通讯系统，其中部分或所有成分是物种特异性的。然而，进行求偶场交配的夏威夷果蝇物种与黑腹果蝇及相关大陆物种相似之处在于，夏威夷果蝇采用了一种体表信息素通讯系统，其中一些成分是性别和物种特异性的。
