Patton James L, Smith Margaret F
Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Evolution. 1992 Feb;46(1):174-183. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb01992.x.
Parapatric speciation across sharp ecological gradients is an alternative to the more usual allopatric model as both a general explanation of organismal diversification and as an explicit statement regarding differentiation of tropical forest biotas (Endler, 1977, 1982a, 1982b). The relevance of this model to species of small mammals distributed across a 3,000 meter gradient on the eastern flank of the Peruvian Andes is examined here by phylogenetic analysis of comparative mitochondrial DNA sequences, relying on both freshly collected samples and extracts taken from skins preserved in museum collections. These analyses falsify the applicability of the gradient model in this case. Moreover, the phylogenetic approach employed here provides an explicit test of the feasibility of the gradient model for any other taxon, either plant or animal, of the lowland Amazonian forest.
沿着陡峭生态梯度的邻域物种形成是一种不同于更为常见的异域物种形成模式的方式，它既可以作为生物多样性的一般解释，也可以作为关于热带森林生物群落分化的明确表述（恩德勒，1977年、1982a、1982b）。本文通过对比较线粒体DNA序列进行系统发育分析，利用新鲜采集的样本以及从保存在博物馆藏品中的兽皮提取的样本，研究了该模式与分布在秘鲁安第斯山东侧3000米梯度范围内的小型哺乳动物物种的相关性。这些分析证伪了梯度模式在这种情况下的适用性。此外，本文采用的系统发育方法为梯度模式对低地亚马逊森林中任何其他动植物类群的可行性提供了明确检验。
