Gilchrist George W
Department of Zoology, Box 351800, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195-1800.
Evolution. 1996 Aug;50(4):1560-1572. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1996.tb03928.x.
The thermal sensitivity of locomotor performance in Aphidius ervi, a parasitic hymenopteran, conforms to the "jack-of-all-trades is master of none" model of specialist-generalist trade-offs. Performance breadth and maximal performance at the phenotypic level are negatively correlated in both sexes. A strong, negative genetic correlation was found for males, but not for females. In males, the broad-sense heritability of performance breadth was about 0.16, and that of maximum walking velocity was about 0.29. Neither heritability was significantly different from zero in females. The broad-sense heritability of body mass was about 0.3 in females and 0.6 in males, with a strong negative genetic correlation between size and maximum velocity in males only. These data provide the first quantitative genetic analysis of performance curves in eukaryotic animals, and one of the few demonstrations of the specialist-generalist trade-off that underlies much theory in evolutionary ecology.
寄生膜翅目昆虫麦蚜茧蜂（Aphidius ervi）运动表现的热敏感性符合专业化 - 泛化权衡的“样样通，样样松”模型。在表型水平上，两性的表现广度和最大表现均呈负相关。在雄性中发现了强烈的负遗传相关性，但在雌性中未发现。在雄性中，表现广度的广义遗传力约为0.16，最大行走速度的广义遗传力约为0.29。在雌性中，这两种遗传力均与零无显著差异。雌性体重的广义遗传力约为0.3，雄性约为0.6，仅在雄性中，体型与最大速度之间存在强烈的负遗传相关性。这些数据首次对真核动物的表现曲线进行了定量遗传分析，也是对构成进化生态学诸多理论基础的专业化 - 泛化权衡的少数例证之一。
