意大利大学女性中的性骚扰和月经紊乱：一项横断面观察性研究。

Sexual harassment and menstrual disorders among Italian university women: A cross-sectional observational study.

机构信息

1 Department of Life Sciences - Psychology Unit, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.

2 INSERM UMR 1153 - Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics, Sorbonne Paris Cité, DHU Risks in pregnancy, Paris Descartes University, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France.

出版信息

Scand J Public Health. 2017 Jul;45(5):528-535. doi: 10.1177/1403494817705559. Epub 2017 May 31.

DOI:10.1177/1403494817705559

PMID:28566013

Abstract

AIMS

Menstrual disorders and sexual harassment are common among young women and interfere with their life and activities. We aimed to describe the association of sexual harassment and menstrual disorders among female university students.

METHODS

This cross-sectional, observational study examined the association between sexual harassment and menstrual disorders in a sample of 349 university students in Italy. Students answered an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive bivariate analyses and logistic regression analyses were performed. Main outcome measures were associations between levels of exposure to sexual harassment (none, levels 1 and 2) and five menstrual disorders (premenstrual symptoms, heavy bleeding, pain, irregular cycles, and amenorrhea).

RESULTS

Among the women interviewed (mean age 20.4 ± 1.45 years), 146 (41.8%) had experienced sexual harassment in the previous 12 months: 91 (26.1%) level 1 and 55 (15.7%) level 2. The frequency of premenstrual symptoms was 31.9% ( n=110); heavy bleeding, 35.3% ( n=124); pain, 51.4% ( n=181); irregular cycles, 55.5% ( n=195); and amenorrhea, 6.7% ( n=23). After adjustment for age, place of birth, being in a couple relationship and receiving hormone therapy, the frequency of menstrual disorders, except for amenorrhea, was increased with sexual harassment, with a regular gradient from no harassment to level 2 harassment. Introducing factors of depression, specific gynaecological problems and lifetime sexual violence did not change the results. For instance, the adjusted odds ratios of premenstrual symptoms were 2.10 [1.19-3.68] for women with level 1 harassment and 3.58 [1.83-7.03] for women with level 2 compared with women without harassment exposure.

CONCLUSIONS

Sexual harassment is related to the prevalence of menstrual disorders. Healthcare providers should encourage dialogue with patients and address the issue of sexual violence or harassment.

摘要

目的

月经紊乱和性骚扰在年轻女性中很常见，会干扰她们的生活和活动。本研究旨在描述女大学生中性骚扰与月经紊乱之间的关联。

方法

本横断面观察性研究对意大利 349 名女大学生样本进行了性骚扰与月经紊乱之间关联的调查。学生们回答了一份匿名的自我管理问卷。进行了描述性双变量分析和逻辑回归分析。主要观察指标为无暴露、1 级和 2 级暴露于性骚扰水平与 5 种月经紊乱（经前期症状、大出血、疼痛、不规律周期和闭经）之间的相关性。

结果

在所调查的女性（平均年龄 20.4 ± 1.45 岁）中，146 人（41.8%）在过去 12 个月中经历过性骚扰：91 人（26.1%）为 1 级，55 人（15.7%）为 2 级。经前期症状的频率为 31.9%（ n=110）；大出血的频率为 35.3%（ n=124）；疼痛的频率为 51.4%（ n=181）；不规律周期的频率为 55.5%（ n=195）；闭经的频率为 6.7%（ n=23）。调整年龄、出生地、处于伴侣关系和接受激素治疗后，除闭经外，月经紊乱的频率随性骚扰而增加，呈无骚扰至 2 级骚扰的规律梯度。引入抑郁、特定妇科问题和终生性暴力因素并未改变结果。例如，与无骚扰暴露的女性相比，1 级骚扰女性经前期症状的调整比值比为 2.10[1.19-3.68]，2 级骚扰女性为 3.58[1.83-7.03]。