Tonguet-Papucci Audrey, Houngbe Freddy, Huybregts Lieven, Ait-Aissa Myriam, Altare Chiara, Kolsteren Patrick, Huneau Jean-François
Research and Analyses Unit, Action Against Hunger, Paris, France;
Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
J Nutr. 2017 Jul;147(7):1418-1425. doi: 10.3945/jn.116.244517. Epub 2017 May 31.
Cash transfer programs have the potential to improve dietary intake by improving accessibility to food. However, quantitative data on the impact of cash transfer programs on children's energy and nutrient intakes are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of seasonal unconditional cash transfers on children's energy, micro- and macronutrient, and food group intakes during the lean season in Burkina Faso. Within the framework of the MAM'Out (Moderate Acute Malnutrition Out) cluster-randomized controlled trial, two 24-h dietary recall surveys were conducted in July and August 2014. Daily energy and macro- and micronutrient intakes, breastfeeding practices, and food group consumption were analyzed for 322 children aged 14-27 mo from an intervention group (benefiting from unconditional cash transfer during the lean season in 2013 and 2014) and a control group by using mixed linear, logistic, and Poisson regression models or a γ-generalized linear model with log-link. A dietary diversity score was calculated on the basis of 7 food groups. Unconditional cash transfers during the lean season improved the diets of rural children through a higher consumption of eggs (11.3 ± 1.55 compared with 3.25 ± 0.79 g; < 0.001), fat (20.6 ± 0.80 compared with 16.5 ± 0.89 g; < 0.01), and vitamin B-12 (0.40 ± 0.02 compared with 0.34 ± 0.02 mg; < 0.001) compared with controls and higher proportions of children consuming dairy products (OR: 4.14; 95% CI: 1.48, 11.6; < 0.05), flesh foods (OR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.18, 3.70; < 0.05), and iron-rich or iron-fortified foods (OR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.20, 4.13; < 0.05). No difference was found in energy intake between the 2 groups. The minimum dietary diversity of two-thirds of the children who benefited from cash transfers was adequate compared with only one-third in the control group ( < 0.001). Unconditional seasonal cash transfer increases intakes of high-nutritional-value foods in Burkinabe children aged 14-27 mo. As such, their use can be recommended in actions addressing children's dietary intake during the lean season. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01866124.
现金转移项目有潜力通过改善食物可及性来提高饮食摄入量。然而，关于现金转移项目对儿童能量和营养素摄入量影响的定量数据却很缺乏。本研究的目的是评估季节性无条件现金转移对布基纳法索青黄不接季节期间儿童的能量、微量和宏量营养素以及食物组摄入量的影响。在“中度急性营养不良消除”（MAM'Out）整群随机对照试验的框架内，于2014年7月和8月进行了两次24小时饮食回顾调查。使用混合线性、逻辑和泊松回归模型或带对数链接的γ广义线性模型，对干预组（在2013年和2014年青黄不接季节受益于无条件现金转移）和对照组中322名14 - 27个月大儿童的每日能量、宏量和微量营养素摄入量、母乳喂养情况以及食物组消费情况进行了分析。基于7个食物组计算了饮食多样性得分。与对照组相比，青黄不接季节的无条件现金转移通过增加鸡蛋（分别为11.3±1.55克和3.25±0.79克；P<0.001）、脂肪（分别为20.6±0.80克和16.5±0.89克；P<0.01）和维生素B - 12（分别为0.40±0.02毫克和0.34±0.02毫克；P<0.001）的摄入量以及消费乳制品（比值比：4.14；95%置信区间：1.48，11.6；P<0.05）、肉类食物（比值比：2.09；95%置信区间：1.18，3.70；P<0.05）和富含铁或铁强化食物（比值比：2.23；95%置信区间：1.20，4.13；P<0.05）的儿童比例，改善了农村儿童的饮食。两组之间在能量摄入量上未发现差异。受益于现金转移的儿童中有三分之二的最低饮食多样性充足，而对照组中只有三分之一（P<0.001）。无条件季节性现金转移增加了14 - 27个月大布基纳法索儿童高营养价值食物的摄入量。因此，在解决青黄不接季节儿童饮食摄入问题的行动中可以推荐使用现金转移项目。该试验在clinicaltrials.gov上注册为NCT01866124。
