Wirth Thierry, Le Guellec René, Vancassel Michel, Veuille Michel
Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Université Pierre-et-Marie Curie, 7 quai Saint-Bernard, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France.
Conservation Biology Research group (NLU), Basel University, St-Johanns Vorstadt 10, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
Evolution. 1998 Feb;52(1):260-265. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1998.tb05160.x.
The European earwig (Forficula auricularia) was formerly thought to present a mosaic of populations differing in their reproductive biology. We show that it is comprised of two as yet unrecognized sibling species. The molecular divergence between the two species, for a 627-bp amplified fragment overlapping the COI and COII mitochondrial loci, is six times larger than intraspecific variation. A species with two clutches a year lives predominantly in lowland and oceanic European habitats. A species with one clutch a year-except in the Mediterranean area where it has two clutches-lives predominantly in highland and continental European habitats. They both invaded North America during the 20th century, respectively, from the west and the east coasts, with no apparent mixing of their populations. The two species can occur in sympatry in Europe and are reproductively isolated by nearly complete failure to produce F hybrids.
欧洲蠼螋（Forficula auricularia）以前被认为是一个繁殖生物学存在差异的种群镶嵌体。我们发现它由两个尚未被识别的姐妹种组成。对于一个与细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（COI）和细胞色素氧化酶亚基II（COII）线粒体基因座重叠的627碱基对扩增片段，这两个物种之间的分子差异比种内变异大六倍。一种每年产两窝卵的物种主要生活在欧洲的低地和海洋栖息地。一种每年产一窝卵的物种——在地中海地区除外，那里它产两窝卵——主要生活在欧洲的高地和大陆栖息地。它们都在20世纪分别从西海岸和东海岸入侵了北美，其种群没有明显混合。这两个物种在欧洲可以同域分布，并且由于几乎完全无法产生F1杂种而生殖隔离。
