Payne Robert J H, Krakauer David C
BBSRC-NERC Ecology and Behaviour Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, United Kingdom.
Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, United Kingdom.
Evolution. 1997 Feb;51(1):1-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb02382.x.
A Fisherian model of sexual selection is combined with a diffusion model of mate dispersal to investigate the evolution of assortative mating in a sympatric population. Females mate with one of two types of polygynous males according to a male's display of one of two sex-limited, autosomal traits; these male traits may be associated with differential phenotypic mortalities. Through a Fisherian runaway process, female preferences and male traits can become associated in linkage disequilibrium, leading to patterns of assortative mating. Dispersing males, whose rate of movement is dependent on mating success, carry female preference genes with them, and displaced males thereby produce daughters with preference genes for their respective traits in locally higher than average frequencies. The reduced diffusion of the more preferred males permits the success of other male types in adjacent areas. Thus, mating-success dependent diffusion, when coupled with the rapid divergence in phenotypes possible under the Fisher process, can lead to the coexistence of two female preferences and two male traits in sympatry. We argue that many existing approaches to sympatric speciation fail to explain observed male polymorphisms because they exclude explicit spatial structure from their speciation models.
将性选择的费希尔模型与配偶扩散的扩散模型相结合，以研究同域种群中选型交配的进化。雌性根据雄性表现出的两种性别受限的常染色体性状之一，与两种类型的一夫多妻制雄性之一交配；这些雄性性状可能与不同的表型死亡率相关。通过费希尔失控过程，雌性偏好和雄性性状可在连锁不平衡中关联起来，从而导致选型交配模式。扩散的雄性，其移动速率取决于交配成功与否，会携带雌性偏好基因，因此被取代的雄性在当地产生的女儿中，具有各自性状偏好基因的频率高于平均水平。更受青睐的雄性扩散减少，使得其他雄性类型在相邻区域能够成功。因此，交配成功依赖的扩散，与费希尔过程下可能出现的表型快速分化相结合，可导致同域中两种雌性偏好和两种雄性性状共存。我们认为，许多现有的同域物种形成方法未能解释观察到的雄性多态性，因为它们在物种形成模型中排除了明确的空间结构。
