Browne Robert A, Hoopes Charles W
Biology Department, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27109, USA.
State University of Ghent, Ghent, BELGIUM.
Evolution. 1990 Jul;44(4):1035-1051. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1990.tb03824.x.
An obligately asexual population of Artemia parthenogenetica at Salin de Giraud, France consists of numerous clones that are genetically and ecologically divergent. The clones are distributed in a nonrandom fashion among eight ponds of highly variable environments. A total of 63 allozymically unique genotypes were identified, with significant differences in numerous fitness traits found among a sample subset of clones. The frequencies of four alleles, as well as the percentage of loci polymorphic, were significantly correlated with salinity. Genotypes face rapid selection along salinity gradients in the field and this selection is reproducible in the lab. mtDNA analysis suggests that obligate asexuality in this population is of monophyletic origin.
法国吉罗盐沼的孤雌生殖卤虫种群完全由无性生殖个体组成，包含许多在遗传和生态上存在差异的克隆体。这些克隆体以非随机方式分布在八个环境差异极大的池塘中。共鉴定出63种等位酶独特基因型，在克隆体样本子集中发现许多适应性特征存在显著差异。四个等位基因的频率以及多态位点的百分比与盐度显著相关。在野外，基因型沿着盐度梯度面临快速选择，且这种选择在实验室中具有可重复性。线粒体DNA分析表明，该种群的专性无性生殖起源于单系。
