Isbell Forest, Gonzalez Andrew, Loreau Michel, Cowles Jane, Díaz Sandra, Hector Andy, Mace Georgina M, Wardle David A, O'Connor Mary I, Duffy J Emmett, Turnbull Lindsay A, Thompson Patrick L, Larigauderie Anne
Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA.
Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1B1, Canada.
Nature. 2017 May 31;546(7656):65-72. doi: 10.1038/nature22899.
Biodiversity enhances many of nature's benefits to people, including the regulation of climate and the production of wood in forests, livestock forage in grasslands and fish in aquatic ecosystems. Yet people are now driving the sixth mass extinction event in Earth's history. Human dependence and influence on biodiversity have mainly been studied separately and at contrasting scales of space and time, but new multiscale knowledge is beginning to link these relationships. Biodiversity loss substantially diminishes several ecosystem services by altering ecosystem functioning and stability, especially at the large temporal and spatial scales that are most relevant for policy and conservation.
生物多样性增强了自然为人类带来的诸多益处，包括调节气候、森林中木材的产出、草原上牲畜的草料以及水生生态系统中的鱼类。然而，如今人类正在引发地球历史上的第六次物种大灭绝事件。人类对生物多样性的依赖和影响主要是分别在不同的时空尺度上进行研究的，但新的多尺度知识正开始将这些关系联系起来。生物多样性丧失通过改变生态系统功能和稳定性，大幅削弱了多种生态系统服务，尤其是在与政策和保护最为相关的大时空尺度上。
