Shen Zhan, Duan Jie, Ma Luyi
National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biomass, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2017 Jun 1;12(6):e0177577. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177577. eCollection 2017.
Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge has great potential for producing biodiesel. In order to select and evaluate appropriate germplasm to produce biodiesel, we analyzed the genetic diversity of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge germplasm based on morphological traits and simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in this study. Fifty-six germplasm samples were evaluated using nine morphological traits and 23 SSR loci. Significant differences among germplasms were observed in eight morphological characters. The SSR markers analysis showed high genetic diversity among the germplasms. All SSRs had polymorphisms, and we detected 77 alleles in total. The number of alleles at each locus ranged from two to six, averaging 3.35 per marker. The polymorphic information content values ranged from 0.36 to 0.61, averaging 0.49. Expected heterozygosity, observed heterozygosity, and Shannon's information index calculations detected large genetic variations among germplasms. The high average number of alleles per locus and the allelic diversity observed in the set of genotypes analyzed indicated that the genetic base of this species is relatively wide. Thus, microsatellite markers can be used to efficiently distinguish Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge germplasms and assess their genetic diversity. Hundred-grain weight and lateral diameter were positively correlated with monounsaturated fatty acids and depended on genotype. These results suggest that seeds with higher hundred-grain weight and lateral diameter could be more suitable to produce biodiesel. Our data will lay a foundation for selecting appropriate germplasm to produce biodiesel based on seed phenotype and will contribute to the conservation and management of this important plant genetic resource.
文冠果在生物柴油生产方面具有巨大潜力。为了筛选和评估适合用于生产生物柴油的种质，本研究基于形态性状和简单序列重复（SSR）对文冠果种质的遗传多样性进行了分析。利用9个形态性状和23个SSR位点对56份种质样本进行了评估。在8个形态特征上观察到种质间存在显著差异。SSR标记分析表明种质间具有较高的遗传多样性。所有SSR均具有多态性，共检测到77个等位基因。每个位点的等位基因数从2到6个不等，每个标记平均为3.35个。多态信息含量值范围为0.36至0.61，平均为0.49。预期杂合度、观察杂合度和香农信息指数计算结果表明种质间存在较大的遗传变异。分析的基因型组中每个位点的平均等位基因数较高以及观察到的等位基因多样性表明该物种的遗传基础相对较宽。因此，微卫星标记可用于有效区分文冠果种质并评估其遗传多样性。百粒重和横径与单不饱和脂肪酸呈正相关，且取决于基因型。这些结果表明，百粒重和横径较高的种子可能更适合用于生产生物柴油。我们的数据将为基于种子表型选择合适的种质用于生产生物柴油奠定基础，并将有助于对这一重要植物遗传资源的保护和管理。
