Zhou Chengyu, Wu Huaiyan, Sheng Qianqian, Cao Fuliang, Zhu Zunling
College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jun 26;12(13):2448. doi: 10.3390/plants12132448.
, belonging to the family , has a beautiful tree shape, elegant leaves, large and many brightly colored flowers, and a long flowering duration. This plant is widely applied in gardens. In this study, 33 cultivars of were selected from the perspective of ornamental properties, and their phenotypic traits, such as leaves, flowers, and branches, were measured and analyzed, and their phenotypic diversity was comprehensively evaluated using principal component analysis, in order to investigate the phenotypic diversity characteristics of . The results showed that the genetic diversity index of the qualitative traits varied from 0.14 to 1.50, and that of quantitative traits varied from 1.76 to 2.05. The quantitative traits were more diverse than the qualitative traits. The coefficient of variation of the qualitative traits ranged from 16.90% to 57.96%, and that of quantitative traits ranged from 12.92% to 32.87%. The phenotypic traits of the tested cultivars had relatively rich variation. Furthermore, the level of the phenotypic diversity index of was not consistent with the level of coefficient of variation, indicating large variation and uneven distribution of variation. Through principal component analysis, 17 quantitative characters were extracted into five principal components, with a cumulative contribution rate of 79.82%, representing the primary information on the quantitative characters of ornamental cultivars. The F value of the 33 samples ranged from -2.79 to 1.93, and the comprehensive scores of seven cultivars were greater than 1, indicating that these cultivars had rich phenotypic diversity. Therefore, the screening, development, and utilization of fine germplasm resources of should focus on these cultivars. The 33 cultivars were subsequently clustered into five categories through systematic clustering. The cluster analysis provided references for breeding ornamental cultivars with different utilization values, such as large white flowers, small red flowers, large red flowers, large orange flowers, and double-petaled flowers.
属于 科，树形优美，叶片优雅，花朵大且色彩鲜艳繁多，花期长。该植物在园林中广泛应用。本研究从观赏特性角度选取了33个 品种，对其叶、花、枝等表型性状进行测量分析，并采用主成分分析法对其表型多样性进行综合评价，以探究 的表型多样性特征。结果表明，质量性状的遗传多样性指数在0.14至1.50之间，数量性状的遗传多样性指数在1.76至2.05之间。数量性状比质量性状更为多样。质量性状的变异系数在16.90%至57.96%之间，数量性状的变异系数在12.92%至32.87%之间。供试品种的表型性状具有较为丰富的变异。此外， 的表型多样性指数水平与变异系数水平不一致，表明变异较大且分布不均。通过主成分分析，将17个数量性状提取为5个主成分，累积贡献率为79.82%，代表了观赏 品种数量性状的主要信息。33个样本的F值在-2.79至1.93之间，7个品种的综合得分大于1，表明这些品种具有丰富的表型多样性。因此， 的优良种质资源筛选、开发和利用应聚焦于这些品种。随后，通过系统聚类将这33个品种分为5类。聚类分析为培育具有不同利用价值的观赏 品种，如大白花、小红花、大红花、大橙花和重瓣花等提供了参考。
