Montalvão Mateus Flores, de Souza Joyce Moreira, Guimarães Abraão Tiago Batista, de Menezes Ivandilson Pessoa Pinto, Castro André Luis da Silva, Rodrigues Aline Sueli de Lima, Malafaia Guilherme
Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado and Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil.
Chemosphere. 2017 Sep;183:491-502. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.080. Epub 2017 May 16.
Some of the most polluting activities occur in bovine skin processing. Tannery generates effluents containing high concentrations of heavy metals and organic compounds. The phases composing the leather production process generate a large volume of tannery effluents that are often discarded in aquatic environments without any previous treatment. However, the effect these xenobiotics have on adult representatives belonging to the class Amphibia remains unknown. Thus, the aim of the present study is to assess the geno- and cytotoxic effects of tannery effluent on adult male bullfrogs (Lithobates castesbeianus) exposed to it. Accordingly, the animals were divided into the following groups: negative control (tannery effluent-free water), positive control (cyclophosphamide), and effluent (water added with 5% tannery effluent). The animals were euthanized for blood collection, and erythrocyte analyses were conducted after 35 and 90 days of exposure. The micronuclei (MN) frequency and the frequency of other nuclear abnormalities in each of the animals in the experimental groups were assessed in 2000 erythrocytes. According to the present results, the exposure to tannery effluents increased MN frequency as well as other nuclear abnormalities (i.e., lobed nuclei, binucleated cell, kidney-shaped nuclei, notched nuclei, and apoptotic cell) in the erythrocytes of animals in the effluent group and in the positive control group after 35 and 90 exposure days. Thus, the current study corroborated the hypothesis that the tannery effluent has aneugenic and clastogenic potential in adult male bullfrogs (L. castesbeianus). The present study is the first to report such effect.
一些污染最严重的活动发生在牛皮加工过程中。制革厂产生含有高浓度重金属和有机化合物的废水。构成皮革生产过程的各个阶段会产生大量制革废水，这些废水通常未经任何预处理就被排放到水生环境中。然而，这些外源性物质对两栖纲成年动物的影响仍然未知。因此，本研究的目的是评估制革废水对成年雄性牛蛙（美国牛蛙）的遗传毒性和细胞毒性作用。相应地，将动物分为以下几组：阴性对照组（不含制革废水的水）、阳性对照组（环磷酰胺）和废水组（添加5%制革废水的水）。对动物实施安乐死后进行采血，并在暴露35天和90天后进行红细胞分析。在2000个红细胞中评估实验组中每只动物的微核（MN）频率和其他核异常频率。根据目前的结果，在暴露35天和90天后，废水组和阳性对照组动物红细胞中的微核频率以及其他核异常（即叶状核、双核细胞、肾形核、有缺口的核和凋亡细胞）均增加。因此，本研究证实了制革废水对成年雄性牛蛙（美国牛蛙）具有致染色体不分离和致染色体断裂的潜力这一假设。本研究首次报道了这种效应。
