Landy Rebecca, Head Jenny, Richards Marcus, Hardy Rebecca
Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
BMJ Open. 2017 Jun 2;7(5):e014461. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014461.
This study systematically compared accumulation, sensitive period, critical period and social mobility models relating life course socioeconomic position (SEP) and adult crystallised cognitive ability, which has not been comprehensively investigated.
Two prospective cohort studies.
Five thousand three hundred and sixty-two participants in the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD) Birth Cohort Study and 10 308 participants in the Whitehall II Occupational Cohort Study.
Childhood SEP was measured by father's occupational SEP, early adulthood SEP by educational qualifications and adult SEP by own occupational SEP. Each life course model was compared with a saturated model.
Using multiple imputation to account for missing data, the sensitive period model, which contained childhood, early adulthood and adult SEP terms, with different coefficients, provided the best fit for both men and women in the NSHD and Whitehall II cohorts. Early adulthood SEP had the largest coefficient in NSHD women, whereas for NSHD men early adulthood and adult SEP had similar coefficients. In Whitehall II adult SEP had the largest effect size for both men and women.
Sensitive period with all three time periods was the most appropriate life course models for adult crystallised cognitive ability in both cohorts, including an effect of childhood SEP. It is important to directly compare the life course models to determine which is the most appropriate.
本研究系统比较了将生命历程社会经济地位（SEP）与成人晶体认知能力相关联的累积模型、敏感期模型、关键期模型和社会流动模型，此前尚未对这些模型进行全面研究。
两项前瞻性队列研究。
医学研究理事会全国健康与发展调查（NSHD）出生队列研究中的5362名参与者以及白厅II职业队列研究中的10308名参与者。
儿童期SEP通过父亲的职业SEP来衡量，成年早期SEP通过教育程度来衡量，成人SEP通过自身职业SEP来衡量。将每个生命历程模型与饱和模型进行比较。
使用多重插补法处理缺失数据，包含儿童期、成年早期和成人SEP项且系数不同的敏感期模型，对白厅II队列中的男性和女性均提供了最佳拟合。在NSHD女性中，成年早期SEP的系数最大，而在NSHD男性中，成年早期和成人SEP的系数相似。在白厅II队列中，成人SEP对男性和女性的效应量最大。
包含所有三个时间段的敏感期模型是两个队列中成人晶体认知能力最合适的生命历程模型，其中包括儿童期SEP的影响。直接比较生命历程模型以确定哪个最合适很重要。
