Leukocyte trafficking in tumor microenvironment.

The tumor microenvironment consists of both malignant and non-malignant cells and a plethora of soluble mediators. Different types of tumors have specific tumor microenvironments characterized by distinct chemokines and chemotactic factors that influence leukocyte recruitment. The immune cell infiltrate continuously interacts with stroma cells and influence tumor growth. Emerging evidence suggests that the regulation of the composition and the metabolic state of tumor-associated leukocytes may represent a new promising intervention strategy. Here we summarize the current knowledge on the role of tumor-associated immune cells in tumor growth and dissemination, with a specific focus on the nature of the chemotactic factors responsible for their accumulation and activation in tumors.