University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, KS, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, KS, USA.
University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, KS, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, KS, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, KS, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, KS, USA.
Neurochem Int. 2018 Jul;117:114-125. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.05.019. Epub 2017 Jun 1.
Neuroketotherapeutics represent a class of bioenergetic medicine therapies that feature the induction of ketosis. These therapies include medium-chain triglyceride supplements, ketone esters, fasting, strenuous exercise, the modified Atkins diet, and the classic ketogenic diet. Extended experience reveals persons with epilepsy, especially pediatric epilepsy, benefit from ketogenic diets although the mechanisms that underlie its effects remain unclear. Data indicate ketotherapeutics enhance mitochondrial respiration, promote neuronal long-term potentiation, increase BDNF expression, increase GPR signaling, attenuate oxidative stress, reduce inflammation, and alter protein post-translational modifications via lysine acetylation and β-hydroxybutyrylation. These properties have further downstream implications involving Akt, PLCγ, CREB, Sirtuin, and mTORC pathways. Further studies of neuroketotherapeutics will enhance our understanding of ketone body molecular biology, and reveal novel central nervous system therapeutic applications.
神经酮治疗学代表了一类生物能量医学治疗方法，其特征在于诱导酮症。这些治疗方法包括中链甘油三酯补充剂、酮酯、禁食、剧烈运动、改良阿特金斯饮食和经典生酮饮食。长期的经验表明，癫痫患者，特别是儿科癫痫患者，从生酮饮食中受益，尽管其作用机制仍不清楚。数据表明，酮治疗学可增强线粒体呼吸作用，促进神经元长时程增强，增加脑源性神经营养因子表达，增加 GPR 信号，减轻氧化应激，减少炎症，并通过赖氨酸乙酰化和β-羟丁酸化改变蛋白质翻译后修饰。这些特性进一步涉及 Akt、PLCγ、CREB、Sirtuin 和 mTORC 途径。对神经酮治疗学的进一步研究将增强我们对酮体分子生物学的理解，并揭示新的中枢神经系统治疗应用。
