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杂草稻(L.)热带和温带生态型之间种子休眠位点的比较图谱分析

Comparative Mapping of Seed Dormancy Loci Between Tropical and Temperate Ecotypes of Weedy Rice ( L.).

作者信息

Zhang Lihua, Lou Jieqiong, Foley Michael E, Gu Xing-You

机构信息

Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007.

Northern Crop Sciences Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Fargo, North Dakota 58102.

出版信息

G3 (Bethesda). 2017 Aug 7;7(8):2605-2614. doi: 10.1534/g3.117.040451.

Abstract

Genotypic variation at multiple loci for seed dormancy (SD) contributes to plant adaptation to diverse ecosystems. Weedy rice () was used as a model to address the similarity of SD genes between distinct ecotypes. A total of 12 quantitative trait loci (QTL) for SD were identified in one primary and two advanced backcross (BC) populations derived from a temperate ecotype of weedy rice (34.3°N Lat.). Nine (75%) of the 12 loci were mapped to the same positions as those identified from a tropical ecotype of weedy rice (7.1°N Lat.). The high similarity suggested that the majority of SD genes were conserved during the ecotype differentiation. These common loci are largely those collocated/linked with the awn, hull color, pericarp color, or plant height loci. Phenotypic correlations observed in the populations support the notion that indirect selections for the wild-type morphological characteristics, together with direct selections for germination time, were major factors influencing allelic distributions of SD genes across ecotypes. Indirect selections for crop-mimic traits (, plant height and flowering time) could also alter allelic frequencies for some SD genes in agroecosystems. In addition, 3 of the 12 loci were collocated with segregation distortion loci, indicating that some gametophyte development genes could also influence the genetic equilibria of SD loci in hybrid populations. The SD genes with a major effect on germination across ecotypes could be used as silencing targets to develop transgene mitigation (TM) strategies to reduce the risk of gene flow from genetically modified crops into weed/wild relatives.

摘要

种子休眠(SD)多个位点的基因型变异有助于植物适应不同的生态系统。杂草稻()被用作模型来研究不同生态型之间SD基因的相似性。在一个来自温带生态型杂草稻(北纬34.3°)的初级群体和两个高级回交(BC)群体中,共鉴定出12个与SD相关的数量性状位点(QTL)。这12个位点中的9个(75%)被定位到与热带生态型杂草稻(北纬7.1°)中鉴定出的位点相同的位置。这种高度相似性表明,大多数SD基因在生态型分化过程中是保守的。这些共同的位点在很大程度上是那些与芒、颖壳颜色、果皮颜色或株高位点并置/连锁的位点。在群体中观察到的表型相关性支持了这样一种观点,即对野生型形态特征的间接选择以及对发芽时间的直接选择是影响不同生态型中SD基因等位基因分布的主要因素。对作物模拟性状(如株高和开花时间)的间接选择也可能改变农业生态系统中一些SD基因的等位基因频率。此外,12个位点中的3个与分离畸变位点并置,这表明一些配子体发育基因也可能影响杂交群体中SD位点的遗传平衡。对不同生态型发芽有主要影响的SD基因可作为沉默靶点,以制定转基因缓解(TM)策略,降低转基因作物基因流向杂草/野生近缘种的风险。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d5bb/5555466/66e9f71ff37e/2605f1.jpg

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Quantitative trait locus and haplotype analyses of wild and crop-mimic traits in U.S. weedy rice.
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