Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, Faculté de Médecine, 06107, Nice Cedex 2, France.
Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery Department, Hôpital Pasteur 2, Nice, France.
Sci Rep. 2017 Jun 7;7(1):2954. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-03113-0.
Autologous fat grafting is a gold standard therapy for soft tissue defects, but is hampered by unpredictable postoperative outcomes. Fat graft enrichment with adipose-derived stromal cell (ASCs) was recently reported to enhance graft survival. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has also emerged as a biologic scaffold that promotes fat graft viability. Combined ASC/PRP fat grafting enrichment is thus a promising new regenerative medicine approach. The effects of PRP on ASC proliferation are well documented, but the impact of PRP on ASC differentiation has yet to be investigated in depth to further elucidate the PRP clinical effects. Here we analyzed the human ASC fate upon PRP treatment. PRP was found to sharply reduce the potential of ASCs to undergo differentiation into adipocytes. Interestingly, the PRP anti-adipogenic effect was accompanied by the generation of myofibroblast-like cells. Among the various factors released from PRP, TGFβ pathway activators played a critical role in both the anti-adipogenic and pro-myofibroblastic PRP effects. Overall, these data suggest that PRP participates in maintaining a pool of ASCs and in the repair process by promoting ASC differentiation into myofibroblast-like cells. TGFβ may provide an important target pathway to improve PRP clinical outcomes.
自体脂肪移植是治疗软组织缺损的金标准疗法，但术后结果不可预测。最近有报道称，脂肪来源基质细胞（ASCs）的富脂化可以提高移植物的存活率。富含血小板的血浆（PRP）也已成为一种促进脂肪移植物存活的生物支架。因此，ASCs/PRP 联合富脂化脂肪移植是一种很有前途的再生医学方法。PRP 对 ASC 增殖的影响已有充分的文献记载，但 PRP 对 ASC 分化的影响尚未深入研究，以进一步阐明 PRP 的临床效果。在这里，我们分析了 PRP 处理后人类 ASC 的命运。研究发现，PRP 显著降低了 ASC 向脂肪细胞分化的潜力。有趣的是，PRP 的抗脂肪生成作用伴随着肌成纤维细胞样细胞的产生。在 PRP 释放的各种因子中，TGFβ 通路激活剂在 PRP 的抗脂肪生成和促肌成纤维细胞样作用中都起着关键作用。总的来说，这些数据表明，PRP 通过促进 ASC 分化为肌成纤维细胞样细胞来参与维持 ASC 池和修复过程。TGFβ 可能为改善 PRP 的临床效果提供一个重要的靶向途径。
