霍尔米奇腹股沟损伤预防计划中的动态髋内收、外展和腹部练习强度足以被视为强化练习——一项横断面研究。
DYNAMIC HIP ADDUCTION, ABDUCTION AND ABDOMINAL EXERCISES FROM THE HOLMICH GROIN-INJURY PREVENTION PROGRAM ARE INTENSE ENOUGH TO BE CONSIDERED STRENGTHENING EXERCISES - A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.
作者信息
Krommes Kasper, Bandholm Thomas, Jakobsen Markus D, Andersen Lars L, Serner Andreas, Hölmich Per, Thorborg Kristian
机构信息
Sports Orthopedic Research Centre-Copenhagen (SORC-C), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager-Hvidovre, Denmark.
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Research - Copenhagen (PMR-C), Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Clinical Research Center, Amager-Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
出版信息
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2017 Jun;12(3):371-380.
BACKGROUND
Training intensity is an important variable in strength training and above 80% of one repetition maximum is recommended for promoting strength for athletes. Four dynamic and two isometric on-field exercises are included in the Hölmich groin-injury prevention study that initially failed to show a reduction in groin injuries in soccer players. It has been speculated that exercise-intensity in this groin-injury prevention program was too low to induce the strength gains necessary to protect against groin-related injuries.
PURPOSE
To estimate the intensity of the six exercises from the Hölmich program using electromyography (EMG) and possibly categorize them as strength-training exercises.
STUDY DESIGN
Cross-sectional study.
METHODS
21 adult male soccer players training >5 hours weekly were included. Surface-EMG was recorded from adductor longus, gluteus medius, rectus abdominis and external obliques during isometric adduction against a football placed between the ankles (IBA), isometric adduction against a football placed between the knees (IBK), folding knife (FK), cross-country skiing on one leg (CCS), adduction partner (ADP) and abduction partner (ABP). The EMG-signals were normalized (nEMG) to an isometric maximal voluntary contraction for each tested muscle.
RESULTS
Adductor longus activity during IBA was 84% nEMG (95% CI: 70-98) and during IBK it was 118% nEMG (95% CI 106-130). For the dynamic exercises, ADP evoked 87% nEMG (95% CI 69-105) in adductor longus, ABP evoked 88% nEMG (95% CI 76-100) in gluteus medius, FK evoked 82% nEMG (95% CI 68-96) rectus abdominis, and 101% nEMG (95% CI 85-118) in external obliques. During CSS < 37% nEMG was evoked from all muscles.
CONCLUSION
These data suggest that exercise-intensity of all the six investigated exercises in the Hölmich groin injury prevention program, except cross-county skiing, is sufficient to be considered strength-training for specific muscle groups in and around the groin region.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
背景
训练强度是力量训练中的一个重要变量，建议运动员进行超过一次最大重复量80%的训练以增强力量。霍尔米希腹股沟损伤预防研究纳入了四项动态和两项等长的场上练习，该研究最初未能显示足球运动员腹股沟损伤有所减少。据推测，该腹股沟损伤预防计划中的运动强度过低，无法产生预防腹股沟相关损伤所需的力量增长。
目的
使用肌电图（EMG）评估霍尔米希计划中六项练习的强度，并可能将它们归类为力量训练练习。
研究设计
横断面研究。
方法
纳入21名每周训练超过5小时的成年男性足球运动员。在对置于两脚踝间的足球进行等长内收（IBA）、对置于两膝间的足球进行等长内收（IBK）、折刀动作（FK）、单腿越野滑雪（CCS）、内收搭档（ADP）和外展搭档（ABP）过程中，记录长收肌、臀中肌、腹直肌和腹外斜肌的表面肌电图。将肌电图信号（nEMG）标准化为每个测试肌肉的等长最大自主收缩。
结果
IBA过程中长收肌的活动为84%nEMG（95%CI：70 - 98），IBK过程中为118%nEMG（95%CI 106 - 130）。对于动态练习，ADP使长收肌产生87%nEMG（95%CI 69 - 105），ABP使臀中肌产生88%nEMG（95%CI 76 - 100），FK使腹直肌产生82%nEMG（95%CI 68 - 96），使腹外斜肌产生101%nEMG（95%CI 85 - 118）。在CCS过程中，所有肌肉产生的nEMG均<37%。
结论
这些数据表明，霍尔米希腹股沟损伤预防计划中除越野滑雪外的所有六项研究练习的运动强度，足以被视为针对腹股沟区域及其周围特定肌肉群的力量训练。
证据水平
3级。
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